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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 29.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscience. 2016 Aug 17;335:151–169. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.019

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Social C57BL/6J mice spend more time with a PDE11A wild-type (WT) mouse relative to a PDE11A knockout (KO) mouse; whereas, PDE11A KO mice spend more time with a PDE11A KO mouse relative to a WT mouse. (A) During a 30-min session, C57BL/6J mice (males, n = 10; females, n = 14) were given access to a sex-matched PDE11A WT and its PDE11A KO littermate (consistent effects observed across 2 cohorts and combined analyses are shown here). During the last 5 min, C57BL/6J mice approached the chamber of the PDE11A WT significantly faster than that of the KO littermate (F(1,22) = 4.94, P = 0.018). (B) In both the first (F(1,23) = 4.37, P = 0.048) and last 5 min (F(1,23) = 4.94, P = 0.036), C57BL/6J mice spent more time in the chamber of the PDE11A WT versus KO littermate. (C) During the last 5 min, C57BL/6J mice spent more time directly interacting with the cylinder of the PDE11A WT versus KO littermate (F(1,21) = 7.6, P = 0.011). (D) The pattern of results differed when C57BL/6J mice (males, n = 12; females, n = 10) were given access to a sex-matched PDE11A WT and its heterozygous (HT) littermate (consistent effects observed across 2 cohorts and combined analyses are shown here). C57BL/6J mice approached the PDE11A WT significantly faster than the HT littermate only during the first 5 min (F(1,17) = 8.82, P = 0.009). (E) In the last 5 min, C57BL/6J mice actually spent significantly more time in the chamber of the HT vs. WT littermate (F(1,19) = 4.61, P = 0.045). (F) Consistent with these effects shown in panels D and E, female C57BL/6J mice spent significantly more time interacting with the cylinder of the female PDE11A WT vs. HT littermate during the first 5 min (F(1,17) = 9.61, P = 0.017), and yet male and female C57BL/6J mice showed a trend towards spending more time interacting with the cylinder of the HT vs. WT littermate during the last 5 min (F(1,17) = 4.05, P = 0.07). (G) Interestingly, when PDE11A KO mice (male, n = 6; female, n = 8) were given access to a novel PDE11A WT and that WT’s KO littermate, the PDE11A KO mice approached the novel PDE11A KO mouse chamber more quickly than that of the WT littermate (F(1,12) = 6.90, P = 0.022) and (H) spent significantly more time with the PDE11A KO mouse vs. the WT littermate in the chamber (F(1,11) = 6.20, P = 0.03) and (I) at the cylinder (F(1,11) = 5.31, P = 0.042). Post hoc, *vs. WT, P = 0.048–0.005.