Table 4.
Differences of basic characteristics between urban and rural participants.
| Characteristics | Boys | Girls | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban | Rural | P | Urban | Rural | p | |
| N | 498 | 349 | - | 451 | 292 | - |
| Height (m) | 1.69 ± 0.58 | 1.67 ± 0.54 | 0.612 | 1.59 ± 0.51 | 1.57 ± 0.49 | 0.596 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.14 ± 9.21 | 60.22 ± 11.34 | <0.01 | 52.39 ± 5.03 | 51.41 ± 6.29 | <0.05 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 72.12 ± 8.88 | 68.92 ± 7.69 | <0.01 | 66.54 ± 7.63 | 64.74 ± 6.86 | <0.01 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 88.95 ± 7.49 | 85.52 ± 6.61 | <0.01 | 88.50 ± 8.15 | 86.08 ± 5.02 | <0.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 116.71 ± 11.41 | 115.84 ± 11.07 | 0.269 | 108.89 ± 10.27 | 108.41 ± 9.12 | 0.516 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 64.27 ± 8.50 | 65.03 ± 10.00 | 0.234 | 62.77 ± 7.02 | 63.02 ± 7.11 | 0.637 |
| Speed of sound (m/s) | 1561 ± 28.63 | 1531 ± 31.99 | <0.01 | 1541 ± 26.94 | 1529 ± 26.32 | <0.01 |
| Body mass index distribution (kg/m2) | - | - | <0.05 | - | - | <0.05 |
| wasting | 56 (11.2%) | 54 (15.5%) | - | 98 (21.7%) | 50 (17.1%) | - |
| normal weight | 304 (61.0%) | 222 (63.6%) | - | 235 (52.1%) | 179 (61.3%) | - |
| overweight/obesity | 138 (27.8%) | 73 (20.9%) | - | 118 (26.2%) | 63 (21.6%) | - |
| Central adiposity | - | - | <0.05 | - | - | <0.05 |
| Yes | 141 (28.3%) | 77 (22.1%) | - | 115 (25.5%) | 55 (18.8%) | - |
| No | 357 (71.7%) | 272 (77.9%) | - | 336 (74.5%) | 237 (81.2%) | - |
| Blood pressure distribution (mmHg) | - | - | 0.496 | - | - | 0.910 |
| normal blood pressure | 432 (86.7%) | 297 (85.1%) | - | 389 (86.3%) | 251 (86.0%) | - |
| elevated blood pressure/hypertension | 66 (13.3%) | 52 (14.9%) | - | 62 (13.7%) | 41 (14.0%) | - |
| Bone mineral quality distribution (Z value) | - | - | <0.01 | - | - | <0.01 |
| Normal | 476 (95.6%) | 303 (86.8%) | - | 418 (92.7%) | 248 (84.9%) | - |
| Low bone quality | 22 (4.4%) | 46 (13.2%) | - | 33 (7.3%) | 44 (15.1%) | - |
Data were presented as mean ± SD, or number of cases (%). The associations between categorically demographic variables were assessed using χ2 analysis. T-test was used to compare continuous variables (mean ± SD).