Abstract
Prostaglandin F2 alpha reduces intraocular pressure possibly by increasing uveoscleral outflow. To further understand the mechanism of its action binding sites for prostaglandin F2 alpha and, for comparison, prostaglandin E2 were localised in sections of human cadaveric eyes using an in vitro ligand-binding technique and autoradiography. Specific binding sites for both prostaglandin F2 alpha and E2 were co-localised at a high level in the areas of the ciliary muscles and iris sphincter muscles, and at a lower level in the iris epithelium and the retina. The results suggest that prostaglandin F2 alpha and also prostaglandin E2, could modulate uveoscleral outflow by binding to their receptors located on the ciliary muscles and inducing their relaxation.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aula P., Kaila T., Huupponen R., Salminen L., Iisalo E. Prostaglandin F2 alpha binding to bovine ocular and synthetic melanins in vitro. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1989 Aug;65(2):100–103. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1989.tb01136.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bill A. Effects of atropine and pilocarpine on aqueous humour dynamics in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca irus). Exp Eye Res. 1967 Apr;6(2):120–125. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4835(67)80062-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bill A., Phillips C. I. Uveoscleral drainage of aqueous humour in human eyes. Exp Eye Res. 1971 Nov;12(3):275–281. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(71)90149-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bito L. Z. Prostaglandins and other eicosanoids: their ocular transport, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic effects. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1986;105(Pt 2):162–170. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bito L. Z. Species differences in the responses of the eye to irritation and trauma: a hypothesis of divergence in ocular defense mechanisms, and the choice of experimental animals for eye research. Exp Eye Res. 1984 Dec;39(6):807–829. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(84)90079-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bito L. Z., Wallenstein M. C. Transport of prostaglandins across the blood-brain and blood-aqueous barriers and the physiological significance of these absorptive transport processes. Exp Eye Res. 1977;25 (Suppl):229–243. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4835(77)80020-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Camras C. B., Podos S. M., Rosenthal J. S., Lee P. Y., Severin C. H. Multiple dosing of prostaglandin F2 alpha or epinephrine on cynomolgus monkey eyes. I. Aqueous humor dynamics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1987 Mar;28(3):463–469. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Camras C. B., Siebold E. C., Lustgarten J. S., Serle J. B., Frisch S. C., Podos S. M., Bito L. Z. Maintained reduction of intraocular pressure by prostaglandin F2 alpha-1-isopropyl ester applied in multiple doses in ocular hypertensive and glaucoma patients. Ophthalmology. 1989 Sep;96(9):1329–1337. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32717-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cheng-Bennett A., Poyer J., Weinkam R. J., Woodward D. F. Lack of prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolism by human ocular tissues. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990 Jul;31(7):1389–1393. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Crawford K. S., Kaufman P. L. Dose-related effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha isopropylester on intraocular pressure, refraction, and pupil diameter in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Mar;32(3):510–519. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Crawford K., Kaufman P. L. Pilocarpine antagonizes prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced ocular hypotension in monkeys. Evidence for enhancement of Uveoscleral outflow by prostaglandin F2 alpha. Arch Ophthalmol. 1987 Aug;105(8):1112–1116. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1987.01060080114039. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dong Y. J., Jones R. L., Wilson N. H. Prostaglandin E receptor subtypes in smooth muscle: agonist activities of stable prostacyclin analogues. Br J Pharmacol. 1986 Jan;87(1):97–107. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1986.tb10161.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eglen R. M., Whiting R. L. Characterization of the prostanoid receptor profile of enprostil and isomers in smooth muscle and platelets in vitro. Br J Pharmacol. 1989 Dec;98(4):1335–1343. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12682.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gabelt B. T., Kaufman P. L. Prostaglandin F2 alpha increases uveoscleral outflow in the cynomolgus monkey. Exp Eye Res. 1989 Sep;49(3):389–402. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(89)90049-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gabelt B. T., Kaufman P. L. The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on trabecular outflow facility in cynomolgus monkeys. Exp Eye Res. 1990 Jul;51(1):87–91. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(90)90174-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Giuffrè G. The effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the human eye. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1985;222(3):139–141. doi: 10.1007/BF02173538. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Halushka P. V., Mais D. E., Mayeux P. R., Morinelli T. A. Thromboxane, prostaglandin and leukotriene receptors. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1989;29:213–239. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pa.29.040189.001241. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirata M., Hayashi Y., Ushikubi F., Yokota Y., Kageyama R., Nakanishi S., Narumiya S. Cloning and expression of cDNA for a human thromboxane A2 receptor. Nature. 1991 Feb 14;349(6310):617–620. doi: 10.1038/349617a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kennedy I., Coleman R. A., Humphrey P. P., Levy G. P., Lumley P. Studies on the characterisation of prostanoid receptors: a proposed classification. Prostaglandins. 1982 Nov;24(5):667–689. doi: 10.1016/0090-6980(82)90036-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kerstetter J. R., Brubaker R. F., Wilson S. E., Kullerstrand L. J. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-1-isopropylester lowers intraocular pressure without decreasing aqueous humor flow. Am J Ophthalmol. 1988 Jan 15;105(1):30–34. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(88)90117-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee P. Y., Shao H., Xu L. A., Qu C. K. The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on intraocular pressure in normotensive human subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988 Oct;29(10):1474–1477. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lütjen-Drecoll E., Tamm E. Morphological study of the anterior segment of cynomolgus monkey eyes following treatment with prostaglandin F2 alpha. Exp Eye Res. 1988 Nov;47(5):761–769. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(88)90043-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miranda O. C., Bito L. Z. The putative and demonstrated miotic effects of prostaglandins in mammals. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1989;312:171–195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miyake K. Prevention of cystoid macular edema after lens extraction by topical indomethacin (I). A preliminary report. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1977 Aug 8;203(2):81–88. doi: 10.1007/BF00413399. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nilsson S. F., Samuelsson M., Bill A., Stjernschantz J. Increased uveoscleral outflow as a possible mechanism of ocular hypotension caused by prostaglandin F2 alpha-1-isopropylester in the cynomolgus monkey. Exp Eye Res. 1989 May;48(5):707–716. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(89)90011-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Villumsen J., Alm A. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-isopropylester eye drops: effects in normal human eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 1989 Jun;73(6):419–426. doi: 10.1136/bjo.73.6.419. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Villumsen J., Alm A., Söderström M. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-isopropylester eye drops: effect on intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 1989 Dec;73(12):975–979. doi: 10.1136/bjo.73.12.975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Watanabe Y., Watanabe Y., Hamada K., Bommelaer-Bayt M. C., Dray F., Kaneko T., Yumoto N., Hayaishi O. Distinct localization of prostaglandin D2, E2 and F2 alpha binding sites in monkey brain. Brain Res. 1989 Jan 23;478(1):143–148. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(89)91486-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Waterbury L. D., Eglen R. M., Faurot G. F., Cooper G. F. EP3, but not EP2, FP, or TP prostanoid-receptor stimulation may reduce intraocular pressure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990 Dec;31(12):2560–2567. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weinreb R. N., Mitchell M. D., Polansky J. R. Prostaglandin production by human trabecular cells: in vitro inhibition by dexamethasone. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1983 Dec;24(12):1541–1545. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weinreb R. N., Polansky J. R., Alvarado J. A., Mitchell M. D. Arachidonic acid metabolism in human trabecular meshwork cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988 Nov;29(11):1708–1712. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woodward D. F., Burke J. A., Williams L. S., Palmer B. P., Wheeler L. A., Woldemussie E., Ruiz G., Chen J. Prostaglandin F2 alpha effects on intraocular pressure negatively correlate with FP-receptor stimulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989 Aug;30(8):1838–1842. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]