Figure 1:

Prediction results based on baseline FEV₁ and clinical traits for an example patient (a 55-year-old man who is a continuous smoker, weight 75 kg, height 170 cm, baseline FEV₁ 2.75 L). A) Mean estimates and 95% prediction intervals for future FEV₁ and B) 11-year prediction of GOLD grades if the patient continues smoking. C) Mean estimates and 95% prediction intervals for future FEV₁ and D) 11-year prediction of GOLD grades if the patient stops smoking. This is an illustrative case only. The reader can use the online FEV₁ calculator (http://resp.med.ubc.ca/software/ipress/epic/fev1pred) to estimate future FEV₁ decline in patients with different clinical features. Note: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in 1 second.