In: Hosking FJ, Carey IM, Shah SM, et al. Mortality among adults with intellectual disability in England: comparisons with the general population. Am J Public Health. 2016;106:1483–1490. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303240
In Tables 1 and 2, on pages 1485 and 1486, the gender labels were reversed. The tables should appear as follows:
TABLE 1—
Characteristics of and Numbers of Deaths in the Intellectual Disability and Matched Control Groups: Selected UK General Practices, 2009–2013
| Intellectual Disability Group |
Control Group |
||||
| Characteristic of Intellectual Disability Adult | Mean Age, y (SD) | No. | Deaths, No. (%) | No. | Deaths, No. (%) |
| Total | 39.9 (16.2) | 16 666 | 656 (3.94) | 113 562 | 1 358 (1.20) |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 41.3 (16.4) | 6 989 | 291 (4.16) | 47 587 | 538 (1.13) |
| Male | 38.8 (15.9) | 9 677 | 365 (3.77) | 65 975 | 820 (1.24) |
| Age, y | |||||
| 18–34 | 24.2 (5.1) | 6 981 | 48 (0.69) | 46 939 | 69 (0.15) |
| 35–54 | 44.2 (5.4) | 6 283 | 167 (2.66) | 43 123 | 276 (0.64) |
| ≥ 55 | 64.0 (7.1) | 3 402 | 441 (12.96) | 23 500 | 1 013 (4.31) |
| Down syndrome | |||||
| Yes | 39.1 (14.4) | 1 793 | 118 (6.58) | 12 226 | 92 (0.75) |
| No | 40.0 (16.4) | 14 873 | 538 (3.62) | 101 336 | 1 266 (1.25) |
| High level of support needsa | |||||
| Yes | 41.4 (16.4) | 3 263 | 194 (5.94) | 22 298 | 302 (1.35) |
| No | 39.5 (16.1) | 13 403 | 462 (3.45) | 91 264 | 1 056 (1.16) |
| Communal/shared accommodations | |||||
| Yes | 47.2 (15.7) | 3 392 | 265 (7.81) | 23 117 | 416 (1.80) |
| No | 38.0 (15.8) | 13 274 | 391 (2.90) | 90 445 | 942 (1.04) |
| Autism spectrum disorder | |||||
| Yes | 30.5 (13.3) | 1 532 | 15 (0.98) | 10 374 | 44 (0.42) |
| No | 40.8 (16.1) | 15 134 | 641 (4.24) | 103 188 | 1 314 (1.27) |
| Epilepsy | |||||
| Yes | 41.0 (15.3) | 2 884 | 167 (5.79) | 19 705 | 205 (1.04) |
| No | 39.6 (16.3) | 13 782 | 489 (3.55) | 93 857 | 1 153 (1.23) |
| Any subgroup categorizationb | |||||
| Yes | 40.6 (16.4) | 8 541 | 446 (5.22) | 58 194 | 703 (1.21) |
| No | 39.1 (16.0) | 8 125 | 210 (2.58) | 55 368 | 655 (1.18) |
Classified by a general practitioner as having severe or profound intellectual disability or has ≥ 2 of the following: epilepsy, cerebral palsy or significant mobility problem (wheelchair use or greater), severe visual impairment, severe hearing impairment, continence problem, or use of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding.
Down syndrome, high level of support needs, communal/shared accommodations, autism, or epilepsy.
TABLE 2—
All-Cause Mortality Crude Rates and Hazard Ratios for the Intellectual Disability and Matched Control Groups: Selected UK General Practices, 2009–2013
| Mortality Rate |
Unadjusted Model |
Adjusted Modela |
||||
| Characteristic of Intellectual Disability Adult | Intellectual Disability Group (n = 16 666) | Control Group (n = 113 562) | HR (95% CI) | Pb | HR (95% CI) | Pb |
| Total | 132.4 | 39.7 | 3.62 (3.33, 3.93) | 3.05 (2.73, 3.41) | ||
| Gender | .01 | .07 | ||||
| Female | 139.5 | 37.5 | 4.10 (3.61, 4.66) | 3.50 (2.94, 4.16) | ||
| Male | 127.3 | 41.5 | 3.30 (2.96, 3.68) | 2.81 (2.43, 3.24) | ||
| Age, y | ||||||
| 18–34 | 25.3 | 5.6 | 4.29 (3.13, 5.88) | 2.43 (1.56, 3.77) | ||
| 35–54 | 83.1 | 19.6 | 4.17 (3.52, 4.92) | .88 | 3.22 (2.53, 4.08) | .25 |
| ≥55 | 420.0 | 129.6 | 3.39 (3.07, 3.75) | .21 | 3.03 (2.65, 3.46) | .32 |
| Down syndrome | < .001 | < .001 | ||||
| Yes | 220.0 | 24.9 | 9.21 (7.22, 11.76) | 10.39 (7.13, 15.13) | ||
| No | 121.8 | 41.6 | 3.19 (2.92, 3.49) | 2.66 (2.36, 3.00) | ||
| High level of support needsc | < .001 | .001 | ||||
| Yes | 190.2 | 43.9 | 4.77 (4.08, 5.59) | 4.95 (4.03, 6.07) | ||
| No | 117.4 | 38.7 | 3.28 (2.98, 3.62) | 3.15 (2.79, 3.55) | ||
| Communal/shared accommodations | < .001 | < .001 | ||||
| Yes | 254.7 | 56.5 | 4.99 (4.36, 5.73) | 4.30 (3.52, 5.26) | ||
| No | 99.9 | 35.1 | 3.05 (2.74, 3.39) | 2.64 (2.30, 3.02) | ||
| Autism spectrum disorder | .05 | .40 | ||||
| Yes | 36.3 | 16.0 | 2.39 (1.45, 3.96) | 2.22 (1.01, 4.86) | ||
| No | 141.2 | 41.8 | 3.66 (3.37, 3.98) | 3.07 (2.74, 3.43) | ||
| Epilepsy | < .001 | < .001 | ||||
| Yes | 188.0 | 33.7 | 6.04 (5.04, 7.24) | 7.76 (6.10, 9.86) | ||
| No | 120.3 | 41.0 | 3.18 (2.90, 3.50) | 2.91 (2.60, 3.27) | ||
| Any subgroup categorizationd | < .001 | < .001 | ||||
| Yes | 173.8 | 39.8 | 4.85 (4.36, 5.38) | 4.27 (3.64, 5.01) | ||
| No | 87.9 | 39.6 | 2.35 (2.04, 2.70) | 2.12 (1.79, 2.51) | ||
Note. CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio. Rates are per 10 000 people per year.
Adjusted for 9 comorbidities (atrial fibrillation, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, diabetes, epilepsy, heart failure, severe mental illness, and stroke), deprivation, and smoking status with the exception of the subgroup analyses focusing on epilepsy and high number of support needs, in which epilepsy was not included in the adjustment.
For differences between subgroups (for age, 18–34 years was the baseline group).
Classified by a general practitioner as having severe or profound intellectual disability or has ≥ 2 of the following: epilepsy, cerebral palsy or significant mobility problem (wheelchair use or greater), severe visual impairment, severe hearing impairment, continence problem, or use of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding.
Down syndrome, high level of support needs, communal/shared accommodations, autism, or epilepsy.