Table 4.
Effect of pterocarpan-high soy leaf extract supplementation on changes of FBG, HbA1c, plasma glucose, insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
| Placebo | PT | Time × Group, p Value † | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Before | After | ||
| FBG (mg/dL) | 104.61 ± 3.77 | 103.83 ± 3.54 | 107.76 ± 4.62 | 99.14 ± 3.19 | 0.017 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.56 ± 0.10 | 5.69 ± 0.11 | 5.60 ± 0.09 | 5.44 ± 0.10 * | 0.023 |
| Plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 98.55 ± 3.12 | 100.19 ± 4.10 | 101.65 ± 2.95 | 89.79 ± 2.65 *** | 0.001 |
| Insulin (unit) | 8.28 ± 1.33 | 8.12 ± 1.60 | 8.14 ± 1.03 | 6.58 ± 0.72 * | 0.130 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.99 ± 0.34 | 1.88 ± 0.35 | 2.10 ± 0.28 | 1.46 ± 0.18 *** | 0.024 |
Values are the mean ± SE. Placebo, starch; PT, pterocarpan-high soy leaf extract (2 g/day); FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.000 paired t-test between before and after trial in each group. † p < 0.05 general linear model for repeated measures ANOVA.