Fig. 1.

Chemical structures of tocainide and explorative compounds. The compound To10 is a benzyl-N-substituted β-proline derivative of tocainide (known also as NeP1, Ghelardini et al., 2010). In To040, the β-proline cycle was eliminated. In To042, the benzyl moiety was substituted for by a naphthalene group (Muraglia et al., 2014).