Table 2.
Prior Psychiatric Diagnoses among Opioid-Recipient Cases and Matched Non-Recipient Controls
| Prior Diagnosis | Cases with Diagnosis
|
Controls with Diagnosis
|
OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | ||
| OUD | 5600 | 0.1% | 4834 | 0.1% | 1.16 (1.12–1.20) |
| SUD | 56 163 | 1.4% | 50 785 | 1.2% | 1.11 (1.10–1.12) |
| Depressive disorder | 350 677 | 8.5% | 291 238 | 7.1% | 1.23 (1.22–1.23) |
| Suicide attempt/Self-injury | 3676 | 0.1% | 3541 | 0.1% | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) |
| Anxiety disorder | 285 502 | 6.9% | 247 491 | 6.0% | 1.17 (1.16–1.17) |
| Sleep disorder | 275 618 | 6.7% | 201 574 | 4.9% | 1.40 (1.40–1.41) |
| Motor vehicle crasha | 10 528 | 0.3% | 9099 | 0.3% | 1.16 (1.13–1.19) |
Note. Included ns for cases and controls were each 4 124 038. A complete list of diagnosis codes is available in Table S2, Supplemental Digital Content. OR = odds ratio. CI = confidence interval. OUD = opioid use disorder. SUD = non-opioid substance use disorder.
a
Motor vehicle crashes include patients aged 18 years or older at first enrollment (n = 3 532 157 cases and controls).