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. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8401–8404. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.19.8401

Retroviral-like element in a marine invertebrate.

M S Springer 1, E H Davidson 1, R J Britten 1
PMCID: PMC52516  PMID: 1717978

Abstract

Retroviral-like elements (RL elements) include retroviruses and long terminal repeat (LTR)-containing retrotransposons. We report the presence of sea urchin RL elements (termed SURL) in eight species of sea urchins and find that these RL elements belong to several subfamilies. The complete DNA sequence of one SURL element in Tripneustes gratilla is 5266 base pairs long, including 254-nucleotide-long identical long terminal repeats (LTRs). It contains a single open reading frame nearly 4 kilobases long including the gag and pol genes. Comparison of conserved DNA sequences of RL elements from different sea urchin species indicates that active elements have been inserting copies into echinoid genomes for at least 200 million years.

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Selected References

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