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Lactulose and l-rhamnose sugar test for the analysis of intestinal permeability during rest or exercise. Plasma levels of lactulose (A) and l-rhamnose (B) (Mean ± SD) were measured after intake of the dual sugar solution followed by rest (red circle) or exercise (blue square). From these, the Lactulose-over-l-rhamnose (L/R) ratio was calculated (C). * represents a p-value < 0.05; *** represents a p-value < 0.001.
