Table 4.
Association between KAB and salt excretion (g/day) by level of education.
| KAB Questions | Mean Salt Excretion (g/Day) 95% CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| <10 Years | >10 Years | p-Value * | |
| Maximum salt consumption recommendation | |||
| Less than 10 g (2 teaspoons or less) | 10.79 (9.26, 12.31) | 9.63 (7.83, 11.42) | 0.542 |
| Less than 5 g (1 teaspoon or less) | 9.72 (8.52, 10.92) | 9.85 (8.96, 10.75) | |
| Less than 2 g (1/2 teaspoon or less) | 9.21 (7.91, 10.52) | 8.15 (6.83, 9.46) | |
| Does high salt intake cause health problems? | |||
| Yes | 9.30 (8.38, 10.23) | 9.29 (8.38, 10.19) | 0.082 |
| No | 10.20 (8.38, 12.01) | 7.84 (5.96, 9.72) | |
| How much salt do you think you consume? | |||
| Too much | 11.54 (9.77, 13.30) | 9.98 (8.41, 11.55) | 0.082 |
| Just the right amount | 9.19 (8.27, 10.10) | 9.70 (8.66, 10.73) | |
| Too little | 9.73 (8.92, 10.54) | 7.19 (6.34, 8.05) | |
| How important to you is lowering in your diet? | |||
| Very important | 9.93 (8.92, 10.94) | 8.81 (7.79, 9.84) | 0.319 |
| Somewhat important | 9.37 (8.16, 10.58) | 9.50 (8.21, 10.78) | |
| Not at all important | 9.32 (7.74, 10.90) | 9.59 (7.01, 12.16) | |
| How often do you add salt to food at the table? | |||
| Rarely | 9.76 (8.92, 10.59) | 8.94 (7.89, 9.98) | 0.184 |
| Sometimes | 8.66 (7.18, 10.15) | 10.54 (8.09, 13) | |
| Always | 9.63 (8.79, 10.46) | 8.85 (8.01, 9.69) | |
| How often do you add salt to food when cooking? | |||
| Rarely | 10.22 (9.14, 11.31) | 8.23 (7.21, 9.25) | 0.073 |
| Sometimes | 9.22 (6.75, 11.69) | 8.10 (6.86, 9.34) | |
| Always | 9.49 (8.57, 10.41) | 9.60 (8.65, 10.55) | |
| Take regular action to control your salt intake? | |||
| -check labels for sodium levels? | |||
| Yes | 7.90 (5.70, 10.10) | 10.56 (9.01, 12.11) | 0.017 |
| No | 9.56 (8.73, 10.39) | 9.15 (8.27, 10.04) | |
| -avoid adding salt at the table? | |||
| Yes | 9.61 (8.65, 10.57) | 8.77 (7.57, 9.96) | 0.292 |
| No | 9.40 (8.49, 10.30) | 9.45 (8.32, 10.59) | |
| -buy low-salt alternatives? | |||
| Yes | 9.35 (7.51, 11.20) | 10.84 (8.60, 13.09) | 0.282 |
| No | 9.50 (8.66, 10.33) | 9.11 (8.21, 10.01) | |
| -avoid adding salt while cooking? | |||
| Yes | 8.60 (6.93, 10.27) | 8.26 (6.69, 9.82) | 0.943 |
| No | 9.53 (8.69, 10.36) | 9.28 (8.41, 10.14) | |
| -use spices other than salt? | |||
| Yes | 9.51 (8.69, 10.33) | 9.22 (8.37, 10.07) | 0.208 |
| No | 7.09 (5.01, 9.18) | 9.03 (6.20, 11.85) | |
| -avoid eating out? | |||
| Yes | 9.79 (8.92, 10.66) | 8.57 (7.95, 9.18) | 0.024 |
| No | 8.89 (7.63, 10.15) | 9.89 (8.54, 11.24) | |
| -avoid eating snacks or namkeens? | |||
| Yes | 9.43 (8.34, 10.53) | 8.51 (7.62, 9.40) | 0.322 |
| No | 9.55 (8.69, 10.41) | 9.50 (8.46, 10.53) | |
| -avoid eating pickles? | |||
| Yes | 9.10 (8.01, 10.18) | 8.33 (7.47, 9.19) | 0.416 |
| No | 9.56 (8.69, 10.44) | 9.54 (8.52, 10.57) | |
| -avoid processed food? | |||
| Yes | 9.11 (8.15, 10.08) | 9.96 (8.83, 11.09) | <0.001 |
| No | 9.83 (9.02, 10.64) | 8.21 (7.45, 8.96) | |
* p-value for differences in mean salt intake between the education groups.