Table 6. Pooled results for the associations between P16INK4a hypermethylation and clinicopathological features of CC/SIL.
| Clinicopathological features | Studies (N) | Patients (N) | Heterogeneity | Model a | Effect size | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 (%) | PQ-test | OR (95% CI) | P | ||||
| Risk factors for SIL/CC | |||||||
| HPV infection (Positive vs Negative) | 6 | 288 | 0 | 0.974 | F | 1.06 (0.49-2.28) | 0.883 |
| Smoking habit (Smoker vs Nonsmoker) | 3 | 323 | 0 | 0.751 | F | 3.88 (2.13-7.08) | < 0.001 |
| Early age at diagnosis (<50 vs ≥ 50) | 3 | 153 | 0 | 0.380 | F | 0.91 (0.47-1.76) | 0.774 |
| Clinical and histological data of CC | |||||||
| Tumor type (SCC vs AdC) | 11 | 731 | 22 | 0.235 | F | 1.00 (0.68-1.48) | 0.986 |
| FIGO stage (III + IV vs I + II) | 6 | 470 | 62 | 0.020 | R | 1.49 (0.62-3.56) | 0.368 |
| Tumor grade (G2 + G3 vs G1) | 6 | 440 | 0 | 0.441 | F | 0.76 (0.46-1.24) | 0.263 |
a
When significant heterogeneity was found (I2≥ 50% or PQ-test ≤ 0.1), the random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method) was used to pool the results; otherwise, the fixed-effects model (Mantel-Haenszel method) was applied.
Abbreviations: N, number; CC, cervical cancer; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; AdC, adenocarcinoma; SIL, squamous intra-epithelial lesion; F, fixed-effects model ; R,random-effects model.