Table 3.

Utilities and QALYs over 12 months by treatment group

	Best care in general practice (n=326)	Best care plus exercise alone (n=297)	Best care plus manipulation alone (n=342)	Best care plus manipulation and exercise (n=322)
Mean (SD) utility from EQ-5D* at:
Baseline	0.597 (0.233)	0.556 (0.270)	0.592 (0.247)	0.596 (0.241)
Three months	0.626 (0.249)	0.620 (0.262)	0.675 (0.261)	0.660 (0.241)
One year	0.629 (0.263)	0.618 (0.267)	0.664 (0.277)	0.679 (0.268)
Mean (SD) QALYs over 12 months*	0.618 (0.232)	0.635 (0.245)	0.659 (0.241)	0.651 (0.237)
Difference (95% credibility interval) in mean QALYs relative to best care in general practice*	Not applicable	0.017 (−0.017 to 0.051)	0.041 (0.016 to 0.066)	0.033 (−0.001 to 0.067)

QALY=quality adjusted life year.

^*Estimated by analysis of covariance with adjustment for baseline EQ-5D score and then rounded to three significant figures.