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. 2017 Mar 1;8(14):23551–23563. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15796

Figure 10. PI3K signaling pathway and apoptosis are simultaneously involved in NDV replication.

Figure 10

CEF cells were preincubated with the pan caspase inhibitor ZVAD-FMK (40 μM) for 1 h, with or without PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (LY) (20 μM) prior to infection with NDV-GM at an MOI of 1 for 48 h. (A) Cell death was analyzed under microscope and by MTT assay. (B) The number of apoptotic cells was calculated by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit. *p < .05, ***p < .001 (t test). (C) Cell lysates were harvested and subjected to western blot using the anti-NDV P antibody. *p < .05 (t test).