Figure 1. Adjusted relative risks of major congenital malformations associated with pregabalin exposure.

Individual and pooled adjusted estimates for the relative risk of major congenital malformations associated with first-trimester exposure to pregabalin compared with unexposed women across available studies and analyses. CI = confidence interval; MAX = US Medicaid Analytic eXtract. ^aThe authors did not directly provide adjusted estimates but reported that after adjustment for concomitant treatment with antiepileptic drugs, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, alcohol consumption, and twin pregnancy, the relative risk for major malformations did not change. ^bBetween-study heterogeneity: χ² statistic = 3.85, I² statistic = 48%. ^cBetween-study heterogeneity: χ² statistic = 1.60, I² statistic = 0%.