γδ T cells in the LPL predominantly express Vγ6 and secrete IL-17 and are significantly increased in DSS-induced colon. (A) γδT cells in the LPL were stained with Vγ1, Vγ4, and Vγ6 mAbs and representative dot plots are shown. (B) LPLs were stimulated with PMA+ionomycin and intracellular IL-17 and IFNγ staining was performed. (C) Single cell suspensions from mLNs were stimulated with PMA+ionomycin and intracellular IL-17 and IFNγ staining was performed. Cells were gated on differential populations as indicated. (D) LPL from control and DSS-treated mice were stained with CD3, pan γδTCR, and intracellular IL-17. Total γδT cells and γδT17 cells were summarized. Each dot represents one mouse. (E) Groups of mice (n = 5) were treated with or without DSS water for indicated time and then killed. LPLs were stimulated with PMA+ionomycin and then stained with CD4 and γδ TCR mAbs and intracellular IL-17. Representative dot plots and summarized percent of Th17 and γδT17 cells are shown. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.