Btbd7 is required for in vivo branching morphogenesis of embryonic salivary gland, lung and kidney. (A,B) Btbd7 KO salivary glands are less branched than their wild-type and heterozygous counterparts at E13.5, and the majority fail to branch over a 40 h ex vivo culture period. (B) Quantification of the number of salivary gland end buds at different time points. (C-F) E13.5 Btbd7 KO lung (C,D) and kidney (E,F) are also less branched than wild-type or heterozygous organs. Quantifications show bud numbers at different time points. Scale bars: 250 µm. Data represent mean±s.d. with n shown beneath the x-axis. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test; ***P<0.001.