Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1990 Oct;87(20):7883–7887. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.20.7883

DNA mismatch repair in Xenopus egg extracts: repair efficiency and DNA repair synthesis for all single base-pair mismatches.

I Varlet 1, M Radman 1, P Brooks 1
PMCID: PMC54855  PMID: 2236005

Abstract

Repair of all 12 single base-pair mismatches by Xenopus egg extracts was measured by a physical assay with a sequence containing four overlapping restriction sites. The heteroduplex substrates, derivatives of M13 phage DNA, differed in sequence at the mismatch position only and permitted measurement of repair to both strands. The efficiency of repair varied about 4-fold between the most and least effectively repaired mismatches. Repair was most active with C/A and T/C mismatches but the efficiency varied depending on the orientation of the mismatch. Mismatch-specific DNA repair synthesis was also observed but the extent of repair was not always predictive of the extent of synthesis, suggesting the presence of different repair systems or different modes of mismatch recognition.

Full text

PDF
7883

Images in this article

7884Image
on p.7884
7885Image
on p.7885

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aboul-ela F., Koh D., Tinoco I., Jr, Martin F. H. Base-base mismatches. Thermodynamics of double helix formation for dCA3XA3G + dCT3YT3G (X, Y = A,C,G,T). Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jul 11;13(13):4811–4824. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.13.4811. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Au K. G., Cabrera M., Miller J. H., Modrich P. Escherichia coli mutY gene product is required for specific A-G----C.G mismatch correction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):9163–9166. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.9163. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Au K. G., Clark S., Miller J. H., Modrich P. Escherichia coli mutY gene encodes an adenine glycosylase active on G-A mispairs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(22):8877–8881. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.22.8877. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bhattacharyya A., Lilley D. M. Single base mismatches in DNA. Long- and short-range structure probed by analysis of axis trajectory and local chemical reactivity. J Mol Biol. 1989 Oct 20;209(4):583–597. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90596-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bishop D. K., Andersen J., Kolodner R. D. Specificity of mismatch repair following transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with heteroduplex plasmid DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3713–3717. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.10.3713. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Blow J. J., Laskey R. A. Initiation of DNA replication in nuclei and purified DNA by a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs. Cell. 1986 Nov 21;47(4):577–587. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90622-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brooks P., Dohet C., Almouzni G., Méchali M., Radman M. Mismatch repair involving localized DNA synthesis in extracts of Xenopus eggs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(12):4425–4429. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.12.4425. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Brown T. C., Jiricny J. Different base/base mispairs are corrected with different efficiencies and specificities in monkey kidney cells. Cell. 1988 Aug 26;54(5):705–711. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(88)80015-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Claverys J. P., Lacks S. A. Heteroduplex deoxyribonucleic acid base mismatch repair in bacteria. Microbiol Rev. 1986 Jun;50(2):133–165. doi: 10.1128/mr.50.2.133-165.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dohet C., Wagner R., Radman M. Repair of defined single base-pair mismatches in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(2):503–505. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.2.503. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dzidic S., Radman M. Genetic requirements for hyper-recombination by very short patch mismatch repair: involvement of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Jun;217(2-3):254–256. doi: 10.1007/BF02464889. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. "A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity". Addendum. Anal Biochem. 1984 Feb;137(1):266–267. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90381-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hare J. T., Taylor J. H. One role for DNA methylation in vertebrate cells is strand discrimination in mismatch repair. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7350–7354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.21.7350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jiricny J., Hughes M., Corman N., Rudkin B. B. A human 200-kDa protein binds selectively to DNA fragments containing G.T mismatches. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8860–8864. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.8860. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jones M., Wagner R., Radman M. Mismatch repair and recombination in E. coli. Cell. 1987 Aug 14;50(4):621–626. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90035-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Jones M., Wagner R., Radman M. Repair of a mismatch is influenced by the base composition of the surrounding nucleotide sequence. Genetics. 1987 Apr;115(4):605–610. doi: 10.1093/genetics/115.4.605. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kramer B., Kramer W., Fritz H. J. Different base/base mismatches are corrected with different efficiencies by the methyl-directed DNA mismatch-repair system of E. coli. Cell. 1984 Oct;38(3):879–887. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90283-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kramer B., Kramer W., Williamson M. S., Fogel S. Heteroduplex DNA correction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is mismatch specific and requires functional PMS genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Oct;9(10):4432–4440. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.10.4432. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lahue R. S., Su S. S., Modrich P. Requirement for d(GATC) sequences in Escherichia coli mutHLS mismatch correction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(6):1482–1486. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.6.1482. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lieb M. Specific mismatch correction in bacteriophage lambda crosses by very short patch repair. Mol Gen Genet. 1983;191(1):118–125. doi: 10.1007/BF00330898. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lu A. L., Chang D. Y. A novel nucleotide excision repair for the conversion of an A/G mismatch to C/G base pair in E. coli. Cell. 1988 Sep 9;54(6):805–812. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(88)91109-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Lu A. L., Clark S., Modrich P. Methyl-directed repair of DNA base-pair mismatches in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Aug;80(15):4639–4643. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.15.4639. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Messing J. New M13 vectors for cloning. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:20–78. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01005-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Modrich P. DNA mismatch correction. Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:435–466. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.002251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Newport J., Kirschner M. A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: I. characterization and timing of cellular changes at the midblastula stage. Cell. 1982 Oct;30(3):675–686. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90272-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Radicella J. P., Clark E. A., Fox M. S. Some mismatch repair activities in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(24):9674–9678. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.24.9674. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Radman M., Wagner R. Mismatch repair in Escherichia coli. Annu Rev Genet. 1986;20:523–538. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.20.120186.002515. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Rayssiguier C., Thaler D. S., Radman M. The barrier to recombination between Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium is disrupted in mismatch-repair mutants. Nature. 1989 Nov 23;342(6248):396–401. doi: 10.1038/342396a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Schaaper R. M., Bond B. I., Fowler R. G. A.T----C.G transversions and their prevention by the Escherichia coli mutT and mutHLS pathways. Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Oct;219(1-2):256–262. doi: 10.1007/BF00261185. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Schaaper R. M., Dunn R. L. Escherichia coli mutT mutator effect during in vitro DNA synthesis. Enhanced A.G replicational errors. J Biol Chem. 1987 Dec 5;262(34):16267–16270. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Stephenson C., Karran P. Selective binding to DNA base pair mismatches by proteins from human cells. J Biol Chem. 1989 Dec 15;264(35):21177–21182. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Su S. S., Lahue R. S., Au K. G., Modrich P. Mispair specificity of methyl-directed DNA mismatch correction in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1988 May 15;263(14):6829–6835. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Werntges H., Steger G., Riesner D., Fritz H. J. Mismatches in DNA double strands: thermodynamic parameters and their correlation to repair efficiencies. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 May 12;14(9):3773–3790. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.9.3773. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. White J. H., Lusnak K., Fogel S. Mismatch-specific post-meiotic segregation frequency in yeast suggests a heteroduplex recombination intermediate. Nature. 1985 May 23;315(6017):350–352. doi: 10.1038/315350a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Wiebauer K., Jiricny J. In vitro correction of G.T mispairs to G.C pairs in nuclear extracts from human cells. Nature. 1989 May 18;339(6221):234–236. doi: 10.1038/339234a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES