Table 1. Factors predicting the probability of joining behaviour and competitive exclusion associated with joining.

Response	N	Fixed effect	β	s.e.	χ2	p
Probability of joining	6,911	Intercept	−0.05	0.26
		Spatial scale (Sub-patch)	−4.51	0.28
		Rank	1.10	0.38
		Age class (Juvenile)	1.57	0.30
		Troop (L)	0.20	0.15
		Year (2013)	0.27	0.12
		Spatial scale (Sub-patch) * Rank	1.18	0.37	10.30	0.001
		Rank * Age class (Juvenile)	−1.68	0.54	9.03	0.003
		Spatial scale (Sub-patch) * Age class (Juvenile)	−0.68	0.21	10.40	0.001
Probability of competitive exclusion	385	Intercept	−2.44	0.47
		Spatial scale (Sub-patch)	4.55	0.65	164.27	<0.001
		Age class (Juvenile)	−1.61	0.47	14.06	<0.001
		Troop	−0.89	0.44

Notes.

Model reference categories: Spatial scale (Patch), Age class (Adult), Troop (J), Year (2012).