Table 2.

Benign Conditions That Mimic Prostate Carcinoma at MR Imaging

Conditions	Histologic and Anatomic Features
Anatomic
Anterior fibromuscular stroma	Dense fibromuscular band anterior to the transition zone
Surgical capsule	Band of fibromuscular and compressed glandular tissue between the transition zone and peripheral zone
Central zone	Complex crowded glands and dense stroma surrounding the ejaculatory ducts
Periprostatic vein	Venous plexus closely associated with the pseudocapsule
Periprostatic lymph nodes	Lymph nodes adjacent to the lateral or posterolateral prostate
Benign pathologic
Stroma-rich BPH	Stromal fibromuscular proliferation in the transition zone and occasionally in the peripheral zone
Bacterial prostatitis (acute or chronic)	Inflammatory (neutrophils or lymphocytes) infiltrate with or without glandular atrophy
Mycobacterial granulomatous prostatitis	Granulomatous inflammation with or without central caseation
Malacoplakia	Granulomatous inflammation with Michaelis-Gutmann bodies
Atrophy	Crowded glands with scant cytoplasm and nuclear crowding
Necrosis	Coagulative necrosis with surrounding chronic inflammatory infiltrate and atrophy
Calcification	Concreted prostatic secretions or calcified corpora amylacea
Hemorrhage	Hemorrhage