Table 1.

Relative Benefits of Intensive Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Outcome	Relative risk reduction	Source
Retinopathy *	29% per 0.9% ↓ A1c	UKPDS27
Neuropathy †	19% per 0.9% ↓ A1c	UKPDS27
Microalbuminuria‡	33% per 0.9% ↓ A1c	UKPDS27
Non-fatal myocardial infarction	15% per 1.0% ↓ A1c	Boussageon et al.31

^*Surrogate outcome defined as one microaneurysm or more in one eye or worse retinopathy, and progression of retinopathy as a two-step change in Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study grade

^†Surrogate outcome defined as loss of both ankle or both knee reflexes, or mean biothesiometer reading from both toes > 25 volts

^‡Surrogate outcome defined as urinary albumin concentration greater than 50 mg/L