Table 3. Univariate analysis of the association between clinical variables and OS (n=107).
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lobectomy | 0.40 | 0.23–0.70 | 0.001 |
| c-stage I and II | 0.40 | 0.20–0.83 | 0.014 |
| Hilar lymph node dissection | 0.44 | 0.25–0.79 | 0.006 |
| Without history or presence of other types of cancer | 0.47 | 0.27–0.81 | 0.007 |
| Hilar-mediastinal lymph node dissection | 0.50 | 0.29–0.88 | 0.015 |
| Preoperative diagnosis | 0.57 | 0.33–0.98 | 0.044 |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 0.57 | 0.33–1.00 | 0.051 |
| Without IP complication | 0.57 | 0.30–1.09 | 0.089 |
| ECOG PS: 0 | 0.58 | 0.31–1.07 | 0.079 |
| Female | 0.67 | 0.34–1.34 | 0.26 |
| Longest tumor diameter < 20 mm | 0.86 | 0.50–1.47 | 0.58 |
| Serum level of LDH < ULN | 0.73 | 0.41–1.30 | 0.29 |
| Serum level of NSE < ULN | 0.83 | 0.35–1.96 | 0.67 |
| Serum level of ProGRP < ULN | 0.61 | 0.31–1.20 | 0.15 |
| p-stage I and II | 0.68 | 0.38–1.22 | 0.20 |
| Never-smoker | 0.71 | 0.25–1.97 | 0.51 |
| Age < 70 years | 0.78 | 0.45–1.34 | 0.36 |
| Combined SCLC | 0.99 | 0.54–1.82 | 0.97 |
| VATS approach | 1.08 | 0.62–1.87 | 0.80 |
| Hospitals with high case loads | 1.13 | 0.65–1.99 | 0.66 |
OS, overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NSE, neuron-specific enolase; ULN, upper limit of normal range; IP, interstitial pneumonitis; ProGRP, pro-gastrin-releasing peptide; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; SCLC, small-cell lung cancer; VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery