Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood, spleen and thymus of C57BL/6 mice treated with saline, acyl, or des-acyl ghrelin fed a chow or HFD. The serum concentration (pg/mL) of (A) IL-4 and (B) IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of C57BL/6 mice fed a chow or HFD treated with saline, acyl, or des-acyl ghrelin 1 hour before euthanasia. Relative mRNA expression of (C, F) IL-6, (D, G) TNF-α, and (E, H) IL-1β in the spleen and thymus of C57BL/6 mice fed a chow/HFD (N = 12). Results obtained through RT-PCR of targets were normalized to β-actin RNA, then expressed as the fold change vs the mean of the chow diet group using the delta-delta Ct method. Results are expressed mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance was obtained using a two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.