Abstract
Experimental enterocolitis was induced in guinea pigs by intraperitoneal injection of clindamycin. Specimens of feces were collected daily in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.0) and pooled every second day. The pooled samples were centrifuged to remove solids, and the supernatant was sterilized by membrane filtration. The sterile fecal supernatants were then dialyzed for 48 h against two 15-liter changes of phosphate-buffered saline and subsequently tested for toxicity in cultured monolayers of mouse adrenal cells. A filterable toxin(s) was found in the fecal supernatants on days 2, 4, and 6 postchallenge and not in pretreatment samples. The toxin(s) caused enterocolitis when administered orogastrically to healthy animals and altered the morphology of cultured mouse adrenal cells. The alteration of adrenal cell morphology was neutralized by specific antitoxin to Clostridium histolyticum.
Full text
PDF


Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bartlett J. G., Chang T. W., Gurwith M., Gorbach S. L., Onderdonk A. B. Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis due to toxin-producing clostridia. N Engl J Med. 1978 Mar 9;298(10):531–534. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197803092981003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bartlett J. G., Onderdonk A. B., Cisneros R. L., Kasper D. L. Clindamycin-associated colitis due to a toxin-producing species of Clostridium in hamsters. J Infect Dis. 1977 Nov;136(5):701–705. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.5.701. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Browne R. A., Fekety R., Jr, Silva J., Jr, Boyd D. I., Work C. O., Abrams G. D. The protective effect of vancomycin on clindamycin-induced colitis in hamsters. Johns Hopkins Med J. 1977 Oct;141(4):183–192. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Donta S. T., Moon H. W., Whipp S. C. Detection of heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin with the use of adrenal cells in tissue culture. Science. 1974 Jan 25;183(4122):334–336. doi: 10.1126/science.183.4122.334. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Katz L., LaMont J. T., Trier J. S., Sonnenblick E. B., Rothman S. W., Broitman S. A., Rieth S. Experimental clindamycin-associated colitis in rabbits. Evidence of toxin-mediated mucosal damage. Gastroenterology. 1978 Feb;74(2 Pt 1):246–252. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Larson H. E., Parry J. V., Price A. B., Davies D. R., Dolby J., Tyrrell D. A. Undescribed toxin in pseudomembranous colitis. Br Med J. 1977 May 14;1(6071):1246–1248. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6071.1246. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Larson H. E., Price A. B. Pseudomembranous colitis: Presence of clostridial toxin. Lancet. 1977 Dec 24;2(8052-8053):1312–1314. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90363-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rifkin G. D., Fekety F. R., Silva J., Jr Antibiotic-induced colitis implication of a toxin neutralised by Clostridium sordellii antitoxin. Lancet. 1977 Nov 26;2(8048):1103–1106. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90547-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rifkin G. D., Silva J., Jr, Fekety R. Gastrointestinal and systemic toxicity of fecal extracts from hamsters with clindamycin-induced colitis. Gastroenterology. 1978 Jan;74(1):52–57. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Small J. D. Fatal enterocolitis in hamsters given lincomycin hydrochloride. Lab Anim Care. 1968 Aug;18(4):411–420. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]