Skip to main content
PMC home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1980 Jan;27(1):75–80. doi: 10.1128/iai.27.1.75-80.1980

Etiology of the liver granulomatous response in Schistosoma mansoni-infected athymic nude mice.

A F Amsden, D L Boros, A T Hood
PMCID: PMC550724  PMID: 6965665

Abstract

The effect of schistosome infection on the presence and maturation of splenic T lymphocytes in C3H/HeN nu/nu and nu/+ mice was examined. Spleens of uninfected nu/nu mice contained very low numbers (u to 2%) of T lymphocytes. This percentage did not increase throughout the 10 weeks of the infection. Spleens of uninfected nu/+ littermates contained 28.8% T cells, which decreased to 15.0% by week 10 of the infection. Similarly, whereas spleen cells of normal or infected nu/nu mice were nonresponsive to concanavalin A, the initial high response of nu/+ mice gradually diminished. Both nu/nu and nu/+ spleen cells responded well to lipopolysaccharide initially, but by 10 weeks their responsiveness declined. Sera of five infected nu/nu mice contained no antibodies to egg antigens, and one had a low titer (log2 5.0). In contrast, the mean titer of sera from six nu/+ mice was log2 10.7 Nu/+ mice had typical florid lesions, but nu/nu mice mounted sparse granulomatous reactions around eggs in the liver without evidence for hepatocellular damage. Dispersed liver granulomas of nu/nu mice contained 1.2% T and 20.3% B lymphocytes. Lesions of nu/+ mice contained 12.9% T and 18.4% B cells. Eighty percent of the macrophages from nu/nu and nu/+ granulomas displayed high density/avidity Fc receptors. Production of migration inhibition factor-active lymphokine by liver granulomas and spleens of schistosome-infected nu/nu mice is suggestive of the immune role of B cells in the granulomatous inflammation.

Full text

PDF
75

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Amsden A. F., Boros D. L. Fc-receptor-bearing macrophages isolated from hypersensitivity and foreign-body granulomas. Delineation of macrophage dynamics, fc receptor density/avidity and specificity. Am J Pathol. 1979 Aug;96(2):457–476. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arend W. P., Mannik M. The macrophage receptor for IgG: number and affinity of binding sites. J Immunol. 1973 Jun;110(6):1455–1463. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Boros D. L. Granulomatous inflammations. Prog Allergy. 1978;24:183–267. doi: 10.1159/000401230. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Boros D. L., Pelley R. P., Warren K. S. Spontaneous modulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity in schistosomiasis mansoni. J Immunol. 1975 May;114(5):1437–1441. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Boros D. L., Warren K. S., Pelley R. P. The secretion of migration inhibitory factor by intact schistosome egg granulomas maintained in vitro. Nature. 1973 Nov 23;246(5430):224–226. doi: 10.1038/246224a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Buchanan R. D., Fine D. P., Colley D. G. Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice depleted of thymus-dependent lymphocytes. II. Pathology and altered pathogenesis. Am J Pathol. 1973 May;71(2):207–218. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Byram J. E., Doenhoff M. J., Musallam R., Brink L. H., von Lichtenberg F. Schistosoma mansoni infections in T-cell deprived mice, and the ameliorating effect of administering homologous chronic infection serum. II. Pathology. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1979 Mar;28(2):274–285. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1979.28.274. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Byram J. E., von Lichtenberg F. Altered schistosome granuloma formation in nude mice. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1977 Sep;26(5 Pt 1):944–956. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1977.26.944. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cheers C., Waller R. Activated macrophages in congenitally athymic "nude mice" and in lethally irradiate mice. J Immunol. 1975 Sep;115(3):844–847. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Chensue S. W., Boros D. L. Population dynamics of T and B lymphocytes in the lymphoid organs, circulation, and granulomas of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1979 Mar;28(2):291–299. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1979.28.291. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Colley D. G. Immune responses to a soluble schistosomal egg antigen preparation during chronic primary infection with Schistosoma mansoni. J Immunol. 1975 Jul;115(1):150–156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Cutler J. E. Acute systemic candidiasis in normal and congenitally thymic-deficient (nude) mice. J Reticuloendothel Soc. 1976 Feb;19(2):121–124. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Domingo E. O., Warren K. S. The inhibition of granuloma formation around Schistosoma mansoni eggs. II. Thymectomy. Am J Pathol. 1967 Nov;51(5):757–767. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Greene B. M., Colley D. G. Eosinophils and immune mechanisms. III. Production of the lymphokine eosinophil stimulation promoter by mouse T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 1976 Apr;116(4):1078–1083. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hsu C. K., Hsu S. H., Whitney R. A., Jr, Hansen C. T. Immunopathology of schistosomiasis in athymic mice. Nature. 1976 Jul 29;262(5567):397–399. doi: 10.1038/262397a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. James S. L., Colley D. G. Eosinophils and immune mechanisms: production of the lymphokine eosinophil stimulation promoter (ESP) in vitro by isolated intact granulomas. J Reticuloendothel Soc. 1975 Nov;18(5):283–293. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Jenssen H. L., Eckert R., Werner H., Köhler H., Pasternak G., Friemel H. Lymphokines of T and B cells. I. Demonstration that T and B cells of tumor antigensensitised mice produce different lymphokines changing surface charge of target cells. Oncology. 1977;34(4):159–163. doi: 10.1159/000225213. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Loor F., Roelants G. E. High frequency of T lineage lymphocytes in nude mouse spleen. Nature. 1974 Sep 20;251(5472):229–230. doi: 10.1038/251229a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pelley R. P., Ruffier J. J., Warren K. S. Suppressive effect of a chronic helminth infection, schistosomiasis mansoni, on the in vitro responses of spleen and lymph node cells to the T cell mitogens phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A. Infect Immun. 1976 Apr;13(4):1176–1183. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.4.1176-1183.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Phillips S. M., DiConza J. J., Gold J. A., Reid W. A. Schistosomiasis in the congenitally athymic (nude) mouse. I. Thymic dependency of eosinophilia, granuloma formation, and host morbidity. J Immunol. 1977 Feb;118(2):594–599. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Pritchard H., Micklem H. S. Haemopoietic stem cells and progenitors of functional T-lymphocytes in the bone marrow of 'nude' mice. Clin Exp Immunol. 1973 Aug;14(4):597–607. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rabellino E. M., Metcalf D. Receptors for C3 and IgG on macrophage, neutrophil and eosinophil colony cells grown in vitro. J Immunol. 1975 Sep;115(3):688–692. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Raff M. C. Theta-bearing lymphocytes in nude mice. Nature. 1973 Dec 7;246(5432):350–351. doi: 10.1038/246350a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Rhodes J. Macrophage heterogeneity in receptor activity: the activation of macrophage Fc receptor function in vivo and in vitro. J Immunol. 1975 Mar;114(3):976–981. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rocklin R. E., MacDermott R. P., Chess L., Schlossman S. F., David J. R. Studies on mediator production by highly purified human T and B lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1974 Nov 1;140(5):1303–1316. doi: 10.1084/jem.140.5.1303. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Ruitenberg E. J., Steerenberg P. A. Intestinal phase of Trichinella spiralis in congenitally athymic (nude) mice. J Parasitol. 1974 Dec;60(6):1056–1057. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. SCHLESINGER M. IMMUNE LYSIS OF THYMUS AND SPLEEN CELLS OF EMBRYONIC AND NEONATAL MICE. J Immunol. 1965 Mar;94:358–364. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Schedi M. P., Goldstein G., Boyce E. A. Differentiation of T cells in nude mice. Science. 1975 Dec 19;190(4220):1211–1213. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sugane K., Kasahara T., Shioiri-Nakano K. Release of migration inhibitory factor from mouse T and B cells activated by insoluble phytomitogens. Jpn J Exp Med. 1975 Feb;45(1):19–24. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Unkeless J. C., Eisen H. N. Binding of monomeric immunoglobulins to Fc receptors of mouse macrophages. J Exp Med. 1975 Dec 1;142(6):1520–1533. doi: 10.1084/jem.142.6.1520. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Walker W. S. Separate Fc-receptors for immunoglogulins IgG2a and IgG2b on an established cell line of mouse macrophages. J Immunol. 1976 Apr;116(4):911–914. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Warren K. S., Domingo E. O., Cowan R. B. Granuloma formation around schistosome eggs as a manifestation of delayed hypersensitivity. Am J Pathol. 1967 Nov;51(5):735–756. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Warren K. S. Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni: an immunologic disease. Bull N Y Acad Med. 1975 Apr;51(4):545–550. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Yoshida T., Sonozaki H., Cohen S. The production of migration inhibition factor by B and T cells of the guinea pig. J Exp Med. 1973 Oct 1;138(4):784–797. doi: 10.1084/jem.138.4.784. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES