Skip to main content
PMC home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1980 Jan;27(1):276–279. doi: 10.1128/iai.27.1.276-279.1980

Ganglioside and monosaccharide inhibition of nonspecific lymphocyte mitogenicity by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins.

P M Schlievert, D J Schoettle, D W Watson
PMCID: PMC550757  PMID: 6987174

Abstract

Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE) types A, B, and C are potent nonspecific lymphocyte mitogens. The mitogenicity of these exotoxins was inhibited by gangliosides and sialic acid, whereas concanavalin A was unaffected. The capacity of both concanavalin A and SPE-A to stimulate lymphocytes was suppressed by alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside. Galactose reduced the activity of SPE-C. The sugars, glucose, N-acetylglucosamine, alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside, and fucose, did not affect SPE mitogenicity.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barsumian E. L., Cunningham C. M., Schlievert P. M., Watson D. W. Heterogeneity of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B. Infect Immun. 1978 May;20(2):512–518. doi: 10.1128/iai.20.2.512-518.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barsumian E. L., Schlievert P. M., Watson D. W. Nonspecific and specific immunological mitogenicity by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. Infect Immun. 1978 Dec;22(3):681–688. doi: 10.1128/iai.22.3.681-688.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Borberg H., Yesner I., Gesner B., Silber R. The effect of N acetyl C-galactosamine and other sugars on the mitogenic activity and attachment of PHA to tonsil cells. Blood. 1968 Jun;31(6):747–757. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brown J. M., Leon M. A., Lightbody J. J. Isolation of a human lymphocyte mitogen from wheat germ with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine specificity. J Immunol. 1976 Nov;117(5 PT2):1976–1980. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cunningham C. M., Watson D. W. Suppression of antibody response by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin and characterization of the cells involved. Infect Immun. 1978 Feb;19(2):470–476. doi: 10.1128/iai.19.2.470-476.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Donta S. T. Interactions of choleragenoid and GM1 ganglioside with enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli in cultured adrenal cells. J Infect Dis. 1976 Mar;133 (Suppl):115–119. doi: 10.1093/infdis/133.supplement_1.s115. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. GOLDSTEIN I. J., HOLLERMAN C. E., SMITH E. E. PROTEIN-CARBOHYDRATE INTERACTION. II. INHIBITION STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION OF CONCANAVALIN A WITH POLYSACCHARIDES. Biochemistry. 1965 May;4:876–883. doi: 10.1021/bi00881a013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hale M. L., Hanna E. E. Deregulation of mouse antibody-forming cells by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. II. Modification of spleen T-cell-complemented nude mouse PFC responses. Cell Immunol. 1976 Oct;26(2):168–177. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(76)90361-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hanna E. E., Watson D. W. Enhanced immune response after immunosuppression by Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Infect Immun. 1973 Jun;7(6):1009–1011. doi: 10.1128/iai.7.6.1009-1011.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Holmgren J., Månsson J. E., Svennerholm L. Tissue receptor for cholera exotoxin: structural requirements of G11 ganglioside in toxin binding and inactivation. Med Biol. 1974 Aug;52(4):229–233. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kim Y. B., Watson D. W. A purified group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Physiochemical and biological properties including the enhancement of susceptibility to endotoxin lethal shock. J Exp Med. 1970 Mar 1;131(3):611–622. doi: 10.1084/jem.131.3.611. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Powell A. E., Leon M. A. Reversible interaction of human lymphocytes with the mitogen concanavalin A. Exp Cell Res. 1970 Oct;62(2):315–325. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(70)90560-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. SCHWAB J. H., WATSON D. W., CROMARTIE W. J. Further studies of group A streptococcal factors with lethal and cardiotoxic properties. J Infect Dis. 1955 Jan-Feb;96(1):14–18. doi: 10.1093/infdis/96.1.14. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Schlievert P. M., Bettin K. M., Watson D. W. Purification and characterization of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. Infect Immun. 1977 May;16(2):673–679. doi: 10.1128/iai.16.2.673-679.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Schlievert P. M., Bettin K. M., Watson D. W. Reinterpretation of the Dick test: role of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Infect Immun. 1979 Nov;26(2):467–472. doi: 10.1128/iai.26.2.467-472.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schlievert P. M., Schoettle D. J., Watson D. W. Nonspecific T-lymphocyte mitogenesis by pyrogenic exotoxins from group A streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Immun. 1979 Sep;25(3):1075–1077. doi: 10.1128/iai.25.3.1075-1077.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Schlievert P. M., Watson D. W. Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin: pyrogenicity, alteration of blood-brain barrier, and separation of sites for pyrogenicity and enhancement of lethal endotoxin shock. Infect Immun. 1978 Sep;21(3):753–763. doi: 10.1128/iai.21.3.753-763.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. VAN HEYNINGEN W. E. The fixation of tetanus toxin, strychnine, serotonin and other substances by ganglioside. J Gen Microbiol. 1963 Jun;31:375–387. doi: 10.1099/00221287-31-3-375. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Van Heyningen W. E., Carpenter C. C., Pierce N. F., Greenough W. B., 3rd Deactivation of cholera toxin by ganglioside. J Infect Dis. 1971 Oct;124(4):415–418. doi: 10.1093/infdis/124.4.415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. WATSON D. W. Host-parasite factors in group A streptococcal infections. Pyrogenic and other effects of immunologic distinct exotoxins related to scarlet fever toxins. J Exp Med. 1960 Feb 1;111:255–284. doi: 10.1084/jem.111.2.255. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES