Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The EMBO Journal logoLink to The EMBO Journal
. 1990 Mar;9(3):765–770. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08171.x

Cloning and sequence analysis of beta-4 cDNA: an integrin subunit that contains a unique 118 kd cytoplasmic domain.

F Hogervorst 1, I Kuikman 1, A E von dem Borne 1, A Sonnenberg 1
PMCID: PMC551734  PMID: 2311578

Abstract

The alpha 6 beta 4 complex is a member of the integrin superfamily of adhesion receptors. A human keratinocyte lambda gt11 cDNA library was screened using a monoclonal antibody directed against the beta 4 subunit. Two cDNAs were selected and subsequently used to isolate a complete set of overlapping cDNA clones. The beta 4 subunit consists of 1778 amino acids with a 683 amino acid extracellular domain, a 23 amino acid transmembrane domain and an exceptionally long cytoplasmic domain of 1072 residues. The deduced amino-terminal sequence is in good agreement with the published amino-terminal sequence of purified beta 4. The extracellular domain contains five potential N-linked glycosylation sites and four cysteine-rich homologous repeat sequences. The extracellular part of the beta 4 subunit sequence shows 35% identify with other integrin beta subunits, but is the most different among this class of molecules. The transmembrane region is poorly conserved, whereas the cytoplasmic domain shows no substantial identity in any region to the cytoplasmic tails of the known beta sequences or to other protein sequences. The exceptionally long cytoplasmic domain suggests distinct interactions of the beta 4 subunit with cytoplasmic proteins.

Full text

PDF
765

Images in this article

766Fig. 2.
on p.766
767Fig. 3.
on p.767

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Argraves W. S., Dickerson K., Burgess W. H., Ruoslahti E. Fibulin, a novel protein that interacts with the fibronectin receptor beta subunit cytoplasmic domain. Cell. 1989 Aug 25;58(4):623–629. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90097-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Argraves W. S., Suzuki S., Arai H., Thompson K., Pierschbacher M. D., Ruoslahti E. Amino acid sequence of the human fibronectin receptor. J Cell Biol. 1987 Sep;105(3):1183–1190. doi: 10.1083/jcb.105.3.1183. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Aumailley M., Nurcombe V., Edgar D., Paulsson M., Timpl R. The cellular interactions of laminin fragments. Cell adhesion correlates with two fragment-specific high affinity binding sites. J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug 25;262(24):11532–11538. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. BARLOW J. J., MATHIAS A. P., WILLIAMSON R., GAMMACK D. B. A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ISOLATION OF UNDEGRADED HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT RIBONUCLEIC ACID. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1963 Sep 10;13:61–66. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(63)90163-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Burridge K., Mangeat P. An interaction between vinculin and talin. Nature. 1984 Apr 19;308(5961):744–746. doi: 10.1038/308744a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chen W. T., Singer S. J. Immunoelectron microscopic studies of the sites of cell-substratum and cell-cell contacts in cultured fibroblasts. J Cell Biol. 1982 Oct;95(1):205–222. doi: 10.1083/jcb.95.1.205. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cheresh D. A., Smith J. W., Cooper H. M., Quaranta V. A novel vitronectin receptor integrin (alpha v beta x) is responsible for distinct adhesive properties of carcinoma cells. Cell. 1989 Apr 7;57(1):59–69. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90172-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. D'Souza S. E., Ginsberg M. H., Burke T. A., Lam S. C., Plow E. F. Localization of an Arg-Gly-Asp recognition site within an integrin adhesion receptor. Science. 1988 Oct 7;242(4875):91–93. doi: 10.1126/science.3262922. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. DeSimone D. W., Hynes R. O. Xenopus laevis integrins. Structural conservation and evolutionary divergence of integrin beta subunits. J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 15;263(11):5333–5340. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Edgar D., Timpl R., Thoenen H. The heparin-binding domain of laminin is responsible for its effects on neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival. EMBO J. 1984 Jul;3(7):1463–1468. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01997.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Fitzgerald L. A., Steiner B., Rall S. C., Jr, Lo S. S., Phillips D. R. Protein sequence of endothelial glycoprotein IIIa derived from a cDNA clone. Identity with platelet glycoprotein IIIa and similarity to "integrin". J Biol Chem. 1987 Mar 25;262(9):3936–3939. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Freed E., Gailit J., van der Geer P., Ruoslahti E., Hunter T. A novel integrin beta subunit is associated with the vitronectin receptor alpha subunit (alpha v) in a human osteosarcoma cell line and is a substrate for protein kinase C. EMBO J. 1989 Oct;8(10):2955–2965. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08445.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ginsberg M. H., Loftus J. C., Plow E. F. Cytoadhesins, integrins, and platelets. Thromb Haemost. 1988 Feb 25;59(1):1–6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Goodman S. L., Deutzmann R., von der Mark K. Two distinct cell-binding domains in laminin can independently promote nonneuronal cell adhesion and spreading. J Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;105(1):589–598. doi: 10.1083/jcb.105.1.589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hammer J. A., 3rd, Bowers B., Paterson B. M., Korn E. D. Complete nucleotide sequence and deduced polypeptide sequence of a nonmuscle myosin heavy chain gene from Acanthamoeba: evidence of a hinge in the rodlike tail. J Cell Biol. 1987 Aug;105(2):913–925. doi: 10.1083/jcb.105.2.913. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Hemler M. E., Crouse C., Sonnenberg A. Association of the VLA alpha 6 subunit with a novel protein. A possible alternative to the common VLA beta 1 subunit on certain cell lines. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 15;264(11):6529–6535. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Hemler M. E., Crouse C., Takada Y., Sonnenberg A. Multiple very late antigen (VLA) heterodimers on platelets. Evidence for distinct VLA-2, VLA-5 (fibronectin receptor), and VLA-6 structures. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 5;263(16):7660–7665. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hemler M. E., Huang C., Schwarz L. The VLA protein family. Characterization of five distinct cell surface heterodimers each with a common 130,000 molecular weight beta subunit. J Biol Chem. 1987 Mar 5;262(7):3300–3309. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Holers V. M., Ruff T. G., Parks D. L., McDonald J. A., Ballard L. L., Brown E. J. Molecular cloning of a murine fibronectin receptor and its expression during inflammation. Expression of VLA-5 is increased in activated peritoneal macrophages in a manner discordant from major histocompatibility complex class II. J Exp Med. 1989 May 1;169(5):1589–1605. doi: 10.1084/jem.169.5.1589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Holzmann B., McIntyre B. W., Weissman I. L. Identification of a murine Peyer's patch--specific lymphocyte homing receptor as an integrin molecule with an alpha chain homologous to human VLA-4 alpha. Cell. 1989 Jan 13;56(1):37–46. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90981-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Horwitz A., Duggan K., Buck C., Beckerle M. C., Burridge K. Interaction of plasma membrane fibronectin receptor with talin--a transmembrane linkage. Nature. 1986 Apr 10;320(6062):531–533. doi: 10.1038/320531a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Hynes R. O. Integrins: a family of cell surface receptors. Cell. 1987 Feb 27;48(4):549–554. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90233-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Kajiji S., Tamura R. N., Quaranta V. A novel integrin (alpha E beta 4) from human epithelial cells suggests a fourth family of integrin adhesion receptors. EMBO J. 1989 Mar;8(3):673–680. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03425.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kennel S. J., Foote L. J., Falcioni R., Sonnenberg A., Stringer C. D., Crouse C., Hemler M. E. Analysis of the tumor-associated antigen TSP-180. Identity with alpha 6-beta 4 in the integrin superfamily. J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 15;264(26):15515–15521. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Kishimoto T. K., O'Connor K., Lee A., Roberts T. M., Springer T. A. Cloning of the beta subunit of the leukocyte adhesion proteins: homology to an extracellular matrix receptor defines a novel supergene family. Cell. 1987 Feb 27;48(4):681–690. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90246-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Kozak M. Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 25;12(2):857–872. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.2.857. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Law S. K., Gagnon J., Hildreth J. E., Wells C. E., Willis A. C., Wong A. J. The primary structure of the beta-subunit of the cell surface adhesion glycoproteins LFA-1, CR3 and p150,95 and its relationship to the fibronectin receptor. EMBO J. 1987 Apr;6(4):915–919. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb04838.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. MacKrell A. J., Blumberg B., Haynes S. R., Fessler J. H. The lethal myospheroid gene of Drosophila encodes a membrane protein homologous to vertebrate integrin beta subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2633–2637. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2633. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Magee A. I., Gutierrez L., Marshall C. J., Hancock J. F. Targeting of oncoproteins to membranes by fatty acylation. J Cell Sci Suppl. 1989;11:149–160. doi: 10.1242/jcs.1989.supplement_11.12. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Ruoslahti E., Pierschbacher M. D. New perspectives in cell adhesion: RGD and integrins. Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):491–497. doi: 10.1126/science.2821619. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sonnenberg A., Hogervorst F., Osterop A., Veltman F. E. Identification and characterization of a novel antigen complex on mouse mammary tumor cells using a monoclonal antibody against platelet glycoprotein Ic. J Biol Chem. 1988 Oct 5;263(28):14030–14038. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Sonnenberg A., Janssen H., Hogervorst F., Calafat J., Hilgers J. A complex of platelet glycoproteins Ic and IIa identified by a rat monoclonal antibody. J Biol Chem. 1987 Jul 25;262(21):10376–10383. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Sonnenberg A., Modderman P. W., Hogervorst F. Laminin receptor on platelets is the integrin VLA-6. Nature. 1988 Dec 1;336(6198):487–489. doi: 10.1038/336487a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Springer T. A., Dustin M. L., Kishimoto T. K., Marlin S. D. The lymphocyte function-associated LFA-1, CD2, and LFA-3 molecules: cell adhesion receptors of the immune system. Annu Rev Immunol. 1987;5:223–252. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.05.040187.001255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Tamkun J. W., DeSimone D. W., Fonda D., Patel R. S., Buck C., Horwitz A. F., Hynes R. O. Structure of integrin, a glycoprotein involved in the transmembrane linkage between fibronectin and actin. Cell. 1986 Jul 18;46(2):271–282. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90744-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. von Heijne G. How signal sequences maintain cleavage specificity. J Mol Biol. 1984 Feb 25;173(2):243–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(84)90192-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The EMBO Journal are provided here courtesy of Nature Publishing Group

RESOURCES