Skip to main content
PMC home page
The EMBO Journal logoLink to The EMBO Journal
. 1990 Dec;9(12):4161–4166. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07639.x

HTLV-1 p27rex stabilizes human interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain mRNA.

H Kanamori 1, N Suzuki 1, H Siomi 1, T Nosaka 1, A Sato 1, H Sabe 1, M Hatanaka 1, T Honjo 1
PMCID: PMC552191  PMID: 2249670

Abstract

Expression of the pX gene products (p40tax, p27rex and p21X-III) of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), which is known to be a causative agent of adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia, induces expression of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha) on infected T cells. Comparison of IL-2R alpha promoter activities has revealed that the transcriptional activation of the promoter alone cannot explain the large numbers of IL-2R alpha expressed on HTLV-1 infected cells. We found that the rates of the IL-2R alpha mRNA degradation were greatly reduced in pX-positive cells as compared with pX-negative cells. Simultaneous transfection of the expression vector plasmid containing IL-2R alpha cDNA and similar plasmids containing various pX sequences showed that p27rex elongated the half life of IL-2R alpha mRNA. As p27rex did not affect the transport of the IL-2R alpha mRNA from nucleus to cytoplasm, prolongation of the IL-2R alpha mRNA half life by p27rex is ascribed to stabilization of the mRNA. Experiments using deletion mutants and chimeric constructs of the IL-2R alpha cDNA demonstrated that the coding sequence but not the 5' or 3' untranslated region of the IL-2R alpha mRNA sequence is responsible for its protection by p27rex.

Full text

PDF
4161

Images in this article

4162Fig. 1.
on p.4162
4163Fig. 3.
on p.4163
4164Fig. 4.
on p.4164
4164Fig. 5.
on p.4164
4165Fig. 6.
on p.4165

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Böhnlein E., Lowenthal J. W., Siekevitz M., Ballard D. W., Franza B. R., Greene W. C. The same inducible nuclear proteins regulates mitogen activation of both the interleukin-2 receptor-alpha gene and type 1 HIV. Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):827–836. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90099-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cross S. L., Feinberg M. B., Wolf J. B., Holbrook N. J., Wong-Staal F., Leonard W. J. Regulation of the human interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain promoter: activation of a nonfunctional promoter by the transactivator gene of HTLV-I. Cell. 1987 Apr 10;49(1):47–56. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90754-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Depper J. M., Leonard W. J., Krönke M., Waldmann T. A., Greene W. C. Augmented T cell growth factor receptor expression in HTLV-1-infected human leukemic T cells. J Immunol. 1984 Oct;133(4):1691–1695. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Favaloro J., Treisman R., Kamen R. Transcription maps of polyoma virus-specific RNA: analysis by two-dimensional nuclease S1 gel mapping. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):718–749. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65070-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Felber B. K., Hadzopoulou-Cladaras M., Cladaras C., Copeland T., Pavlakis G. N. rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 affects the stability and transport of the viral mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(5):1495–1499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.5.1495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fujisawa J., Seiki M., Kiyokawa T., Yoshida M. Functional activation of the long terminal repeat of human T-cell leukemia virus type I by a trans-acting factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2277–2281. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.8.2277. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gootenberg J. E., Ruscetti F. W., Mier J. W., Gazdar A., Gallo R. C. Human cutaneous T cell lymphoma and leukemia cell lines produce and respond to T cell growth factor. J Exp Med. 1981 Nov 1;154(5):1403–1418. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.5.1403. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hatakeyama M., Tsudo M., Minamoto S., Kono T., Doi T., Miyata T., Miyasaka M., Taniguchi T. Interleukin-2 receptor beta chain gene: generation of three receptor forms by cloned human alpha and beta chain cDNA's. Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):551–556. doi: 10.1126/science.2785715. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hidaka M., Inoue J., Yoshida M., Seiki M. Post-transcriptional regulator (rex) of HTLV-1 initiates expression of viral structural proteins but suppresses expression of regulatory proteins. EMBO J. 1988 Feb;7(2):519–523. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02840.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hinuma Y., Nagata K., Hanaoka M., Nakai M., Matsumoto T., Kinoshita K. I., Shirakawa S., Miyoshi I. Adult T-cell leukemia: antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6476–6480. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.10.6476. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hiraki D. D., Nomura D., Yokota T., Arai K., Coffman R. L. Isolation and characterization of expressible cDNA clones for mouse Thy-1: a model system for cDNA expression of cell surface proteins. J Immunol. 1986 Jun 1;136(11):4291–4296. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Inoue J., Seiki M., Taniguchi T., Tsuru S., Yoshida M. Induction of interleukin 2 receptor gene expression by p40x encoded by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. EMBO J. 1986 Nov;5(11):2883–2888. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04583.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ishida N., Kanamori H., Noma T., Nikaido T., Sabe H., Suzuki N., Shimizu A., Honjo T. Molecular cloning and structure of the human interleukin 2 receptor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Nov 11;13(21):7579–7589. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.21.7579. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kanamori H., Suzuki N., Ishida N., Honjo T. Transcriptional regulation alone does not explain the constitutive expression of the interleukin 2 receptor (Tac/L-chain) in HTLV-1 infected cells. Immunol Lett. 1989 Mar;20(4):293–298. doi: 10.1016/0165-2478(89)90037-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kiyokawa T., Seiki M., Iwashita S., Imagawa K., Shimizu F., Yoshida M. p27x-III and p21x-III, proteins encoded by the pX sequence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8359–8363. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.24.8359. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kühn L. C., McClelland A., Ruddle F. H. Gene transfer, expression, and molecular cloning of the human transferrin receptor gene. Cell. 1984 May;37(1):95–103. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90304-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lee T. H., Coligan J. E., Sodroski J. G., Haseltine W. A., Salahuddin S. Z., Wong-Staal F., Gallo R. C., Essex M. Antigens encoded by the 3'-terminal region of human T-cell leukemia virus: evidence for a functional gene. Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):57–61. doi: 10.1126/science.6089350. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Leonard W. J., Depper J. M., Crabtree G. R., Rudikoff S., Pumphrey J., Robb R. J., Krönke M., Svetlik P. B., Peffer N. J., Waldmann T. A. Molecular cloning and expression of cDNAs for the human interleukin-2 receptor. Nature. 1984 Oct 18;311(5987):626–631. doi: 10.1038/311626a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Leonard W. J., Depper J. M., Kanehisa M., Krönke M., Peffer N. J., Svetlik P. B., Sullivan M., Greene W. C. Structure of the human interleukin-2 receptor gene. Science. 1985 Nov 8;230(4726):633–639. doi: 10.1126/science.2996141. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Leung K., Nabel G. J. HTLV-1 transactivator induces interleukin-2 receptor expression through an NF-kappa B-like factor. Nature. 1988 Jun 23;333(6175):776–778. doi: 10.1038/333776a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lüscher B., Stauber C., Schindler R., Schümperli D. Faithful cell-cycle regulation of a recombinant mouse histone H4 gene is controlled by sequences in the 3'-terminal part of the gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(13):4389–4393. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.13.4389. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Maeda M., Shimizu A., Ikuta K., Okamoto H., Kashihara M., Uchiyama T., Honjo T., Yodoi J. Origin of human T-lymphotrophic virus I-positive T cell lines in adult T cell leukemia. Analysis of T cell receptor gene rearrangement. J Exp Med. 1985 Dec 1;162(6):2169–2174. doi: 10.1084/jem.162.6.2169. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Maruyama M., Shibuya H., Harada H., Hatakeyama M., Seiki M., Fujita T., Inoue J., Yoshida M., Taniguchi T. Evidence for aberrant activation of the interleukin-2 autocrine loop by HTLV-1-encoded p40x and T3/Ti complex triggering. Cell. 1987 Jan 30;48(2):343–350. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90437-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Mishina M., Kurosaki T., Tobimatsu T., Morimoto Y., Noda M., Yamamoto T., Terao M., Lindstrom J., Takahashi T., Kuno M. Expression of functional acetylcholine receptor from cloned cDNAs. Nature. 1984 Feb 16;307(5952):604–608. doi: 10.1038/307604a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Miyoshi I., Kubonishi I., Sumida M., Hiraki S., Tsubota T., Kimura I., Miyamoto K., Sato J. A novel T-cell line derived from adult T-cell leukemia. Gan. 1980 Feb;71(1):155–156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Miyoshi I., Kubonishi I., Yoshimoto S., Akagi T., Ohtsuki Y., Shiraishi Y., Nagata K., Hinuma Y. Type C virus particles in a cord T-cell line derived by co-cultivating normal human cord leukocytes and human leukaemic T cells. Nature. 1981 Dec 24;294(5843):770–771. doi: 10.1038/294770a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Morgan D. A., Ruscetti F. W., Gallo R. Selective in vitro growth of T lymphocytes from normal human bone marrows. Science. 1976 Sep 10;193(4257):1007–1008. doi: 10.1126/science.181845. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Müllner E. W., Kühn L. C. A stem-loop in the 3' untranslated region mediates iron-dependent regulation of transferrin receptor mRNA stability in the cytoplasm. Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):815–825. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90098-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Nakajima-Iijima S., Hamada H., Reddy P., Kakunaga T. Molecular structure of the human cytoplasmic beta-actin gene: interspecies homology of sequences in the introns. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(18):6133–6137. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.18.6133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Nikaido T., Shimizu A., Ishida N., Sabe H., Teshigawara K., Maeda M., Uchiyama T., Yodoi J., Honjo T. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding human interleukin-2 receptor. Nature. 1984 Oct 18;311(5987):631–635. doi: 10.1038/311631a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Nishi M., Ishida Y., Honjo T. Expression of functional interleukin-2 receptors in human light chain/Tac transgenic mice. Nature. 1988 Jan 21;331(6153):267–269. doi: 10.1038/331267a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Nosaka T., Siomi H., Adachi Y., Ishibashi M., Kubota S., Maki M., Hatanaka M. Nucleolar targeting signal of human T-cell leukemia virus type I rex-encoded protein is essential for cytoplasmic accumulation of unspliced viral mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(24):9798–9802. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.24.9798. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Rimsky L., Hauber J., Dukovich M., Malim M. H., Langlois A., Cullen B. R., Greene W. C. Functional replacement of the HIV-1 rev protein by the HTLV-1 rex protein. Nature. 1988 Oct 20;335(6192):738–740. doi: 10.1038/335738a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Robb R. J., Munck A., Smith K. A. T cell growth factor receptors. Quantitation, specificity, and biological relevance. J Exp Med. 1981 Nov 1;154(5):1455–1474. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.5.1455. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Sabe H., Tanaka A., Siomi H., Koyasu S., Yonehara S., Yahara I., Tagaya Y., Sugie K., Teshigawara K., Yodoi J. Differential effects on expression of IL-2 receptors (p55 and p70) by the HTLV-I pX DNA. Int J Cancer. 1988 Jun 15;41(6):880–885. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910410619. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Seed B. An LFA-3 cDNA encodes a phospholipid-linked membrane protein homologous to its receptor CD2. 1987 Oct 29-Nov 4Nature. 329(6142):840–842. doi: 10.1038/329840a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Seiki M., Hattori S., Hirayama Y., Yoshida M. Human adult T-cell leukemia virus: complete nucleotide sequence of the provirus genome integrated in leukemia cell DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jun;80(12):3618–3622. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.12.3618. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Shaw G., Kamen R. A conserved AU sequence from the 3' untranslated region of GM-CSF mRNA mediates selective mRNA degradation. Cell. 1986 Aug 29;46(5):659–667. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90341-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Siomi H., Shida H., Nam S. H., Nosaka T., Maki M., Hatanaka M. Sequence requirements for nucleolar localization of human T cell leukemia virus type I pX protein, which regulates viral RNA processing. Cell. 1988 Oct 21;55(2):197–209. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90043-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Slamon D. J., Shimotohno K., Cline M. J., Golde D. W., Chen I. S. Identification of the putative transforming protein of the human T-cell leukemia viruses HTLV-I and HTLV-II. Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):61–65. doi: 10.1126/science.6089351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Sodroski J. G., Rosen C. A., Haseltine W. A. Trans-acting transcriptional activation of the long terminal repeat of human T lymphotropic viruses in infected cells. Science. 1984 Jul 27;225(4660):381–385. doi: 10.1126/science.6330891. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Sugamura K., Fujii M., Kannagi M., Sakitani M., Takeuchi M., Hinuma Y. Cell surface phenotypes and expression of viral antigens of various human cell lines carrying human T-cell leukemia virus. Int J Cancer. 1984 Aug 15;34(2):221–228. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910340213. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Suzuki N., Matsunami N., Kanamori H., Ishida N., Shimizu A., Yaoita Y., Nikaido T., Honjo T. The human IL-2 receptor gene contains a positive regulatory element that functions in cultured cells and cell-free extracts. J Biol Chem. 1987 Apr 15;262(11):5079–5086. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Tanaka A., Takahashi C., Yamaoka S., Nosaka T., Maki M., Hatanaka M. Oncogenic transformation by the tax gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):1071–1075. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.3.1071. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Uchiyama T., Yodoi J., Sagawa K., Takatsuki K., Uchino H. Adult T-cell leukemia: clinical and hematologic features of 16 cases. Blood. 1977 Sep;50(3):481–492. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Ullrich A., Shine J., Chirgwin J., Pictet R., Tischer E., Rutter W. J., Goodman H. M. Rat insulin genes: construction of plasmids containing the coding sequences. Science. 1977 Jun 17;196(4296):1313–1319. doi: 10.1126/science.325648. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Yen T. J., Machlin P. S., Cleveland D. W. Autoregulated instability of beta-tubulin mRNAs by recognition of the nascent amino terminus of beta-tubulin. Nature. 1988 Aug 18;334(6183):580–585. doi: 10.1038/334580a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Yodoi J., Teshigawara K., Nikaido T., Fukui K., Noma T., Honjo T., Takigawa M., Sasaki M., Minato N., Tsudo M. TCGF (IL 2)-receptor inducing factor(s). I. Regulation of IL 2 receptor on a natural killer-like cell line (YT cells). J Immunol. 1985 Mar;134(3):1623–1630. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The EMBO Journal are provided here courtesy of Nature Publishing Group

RESOURCES