Table 2. Associations of a genetic predisposition score of 45 coronary heart disease-associated loci with coronary heart disease, plaque presence and intima-media thickness of the bulb and common carotid artery after meta-analysis of results from the IMPROVE, MDC-CC, ULSAM and PIVUS studies.
Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR/beta | 95% CI | p_uw | p_w | N | I2 | OR/beta | 95% CI | p_uw | p_w | N | I2 | |||
Coronary heart disease | 1.053 | 1.030 | 1.077 | 5.43x10-6 | - | 5,512 | 60 | 1.055 | 1.031 | 1.079 | 4.13x10-6 | - | 5,370 | 56 |
Plaque presence | 1.030 | 1.018 | 1.043 | 6.63x10-7 | 4.51x10-8 | 7,636 | 63 | 1.028 | 1.016 | 1.041 | 7.35x10-6 | 1.35x10-6 | 7,503 | 56 |
IMT bulb | 2.93x10-3 | 1.25x10-3 | 4.61x10-3 | 6.26x10-4 | 8.55x10-5 | 7,480 | 68 | 2.44x10-3 | 7.77x10-4 | 4.11x10-3 | 4.03x10-3 | 1.39x10-3 | 7,350 | 66 |
IMT CCA | 7.66x10-4 | -8.28x10-5 | 1.61x10-3 | 0.08 | 1.68x10-2 | 9,582 | 59 | 3.11x10-4 | -5.27x10-4 | 1.15x10-3 | 0.47 | 0.21 | 9,445 | 52 |
Model 1 shows associations adjusted for sex and age; model 2 shows associations adjusted for sex, age and Framingham risk factors, i.e. LDL-cholesterol, natural log transformed HDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, diabetes and current smoking; odds ratios (OR) are shown for the association of a genetic predisposition score of the 45 coronary heart disease-associated loci with coronary heart disease and plaque presence at the far wall of the bulb, also known as sinus; betas are shown for the association of a genetic predisposition score with intima-media thickness (IMT) at the far wall of the bulb and common carotid artery (CCA); ORs, betas and their 95% confidence intervals show the effect size per risk allele across the 45 loci - the effect size for association with CHD as described earlier was not taken into account (i.e. an unweighted score); p_uw shows the p-value for the unweighted genetic predisposition score; p_w shows the p-value for a genetic predisposition score in which the effect size of each individual SNP for CHD risk is taken into account (Deloukas et al., 2013 [PMID 23202125]); I2 indicates the proportion of variation in effect size across studies that is due to true heterogeneity. Associations were considered significant if p<0.05 for coronary heart disease, and p<0.017 for carotid atherosclerosis traits, i.e. an α of 0.05 adjusted for three traits.