Skip to main content
PMC home page
The EMBO Journal logoLink to The EMBO Journal
. 1982;1(8):895–900. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01268.x

Both early and late control sequences of SV40 and polyoma promote transcription of Escherichia coli gpt gene in transfected cells.

B Bourachot, J Jouanneau, I Giri, M Katinka, S Cereghini, M Yaniv
PMCID: PMC553132  PMID: 6329714

Abstract

Eucaryotic expression vectors containing two selective markers, the herpes simplex 1 thymidine kinase gene (tk) and the Escherichia coli gpt gene (Eco gpt) coding for a xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase ( XGPRT ) were constructed. These plasmids were used to transfect mouse Ltk- cells followed by selection of either tk+ or XGPRT + colonies. The transcription and maturation of the Eco gpt mRNA is dependent on the presence of a eucaryotic promoter sequence at its 5' end and on the presence of a viral intron and a poly(A) addition site at its 3' end ( Mulligan and Berg, 1980). Here, we report that both simian virus 40 (SV40) and polyoma early and late promoters permit the transcription of this gene integrated into the cellular genome. Polyoma DNA fragments lacking the TATA box, or both the TATA and CAAT boxes directing early transcription, efficiently promote Eco gpt expression. Furthermore, a fragment terminating approximately 300 nucleotides upstream of the initiation site of early RNA permits Eco gpt synthesis when the early strand is joined to the Eco gpt-coding strand. The SV40 early promoter is 2- to 3-fold more efficient than the controlling sequence of late transcription. These results strongly suggest that the switch from a predominance of early RNA to that of late RNA occurring after the onset of DNA replication is caused by the increase in the abundance of template and by the concomitant repression of early transcription by the T antigen. The presence of the tk gene in all the plasmids constructed permits the analysis of Eco gpt expression as a non-selected marker in tk+ clones selected for growth in HAT medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Full text

PDF
895

Images in this article

898Fig. 3.
on p.898

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Banerji J., Rusconi S., Schaffner W. Expression of a beta-globin gene is enhanced by remote SV40 DNA sequences. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(2 Pt 1):299–308. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90413-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bendig M. M., Thomas T., Folk W. R. Regulatory mutants of polyoma virus defective in DNA replication and the synthesis of early proteins. Cell. 1980 Jun;20(2):401–409. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90626-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Berg P. Dissections and reconstructions of genes and chromosomes. Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):296–303. doi: 10.1126/science.6264595. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Breathnach R., Chambon P. Organization and expression of eucaryotic split genes coding for proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:349–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Colbere-Garapin F., Chousterman S., Horodniceanu F., Kourilsky P., Garapin A. C. Cloning of the active thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 in Escherichia coli K-12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3755–3759. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3755. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Colbère-Garapin F., Horodniceanu F., Kourilsky P., Garapin A. C. A new dominant hybrid selective marker for higher eukaryotic cells. J Mol Biol. 1981 Jul 25;150(1):1–14. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90321-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ghosh P. K., Reddy V. B., Swinscoe J., Lebowitz P., Weissman S. M. Heterogeneity and 5'-terminal structures of the late RNAs of simian virus 40. J Mol Biol. 1978 Dec 25;126(4):813–846. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90022-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Graham F. L., van der Eb A. J. A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA. Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456–467. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90341-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jat P., Roberts J. W., Cowie A., Kamen R. Comparison of the polyoma virus early and late promoters by transcription in vitro. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Feb 11;10(3):871–887. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.3.871. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Katinka M., Vasseur M., Montreau N., Yaniv M., Blangy D. Polyoma DNA sequences involved in control of viral gene expression in murine embryonal carcinoma cells. Nature. 1981 Apr 23;290(5808):720–722. doi: 10.1038/290720a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kozak M. Evaluation of the "scanning model" for initiation of protein synthesis in eucaryotes. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):7–8. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90148-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lange M., May E., May P. Ability of nonpermissive mouse cells to express a simian virus 40 late function(s). J Virol. 1981 Jun;38(3):940–951. doi: 10.1128/jvi.38.3.940-951.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lee F., Mulligan R., Berg P., Ringold G. Glucocorticoids regulate expression of dihydrofolate reductase cDNA in mouse mammary tumour virus chimaeric plasmids. Nature. 1981 Nov 19;294(5838):228–232. doi: 10.1038/294228a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Losick R., Pero J. Cascades of Sigma factors. Cell. 1981 Sep;25(3):582–584. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90164-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lusky M., Botchan M. Inhibition of SV40 replication in simian cells by specific pBR322 DNA sequences. Nature. 1981 Sep 3;293(5827):79–81. doi: 10.1038/293079a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Miller R. L., Ramsey G. A., Krenitsky T. A., Elion G. B. Guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from Escherichia coli, specificity and properties. Biochemistry. 1972 Dec 5;11(25):4723–4731. doi: 10.1021/bi00775a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Moreau P., Hen R., Wasylyk B., Everett R., Gaub M. P., Chambon P. The SV40 72 base repair repeat has a striking effect on gene expression both in SV40 and other chimeric recombinants. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 25;9(22):6047–6068. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.22.6047. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mulligan R. C., Berg P. Expression of a bacterial gene in mammalian cells. Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1422–1427. doi: 10.1126/science.6251549. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Mulligan R. C., Berg P. Factors governing the expression of a bacterial gene in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 May;1(5):449–459. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.5.449. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mulligan R. C., Berg P. Selection for animal cells that express the Escherichia coli gene coding for xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Apr;78(4):2072–2076. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.4.2072. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Nevins J. R. Mechanism of activation of early viral transcription by the adenovirus E1A gene product. Cell. 1981 Oct;26(2 Pt 2):213–220. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90304-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. O'Hare K., Benoist C., Breathnach R. Transformation of mouse fibroblasts to methotrexate resistance by a recombinant plasmid expressing a prokaryotic dihydrofolate reductase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1527–1531. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Shenk T. Transcriptional control regions: nucleotide sequence requirements for initiation by RNA polymerase II and III. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1981;93:25–46. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-68123-3_3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Tjian R. T antigen binding and the control of SV40 gene expression. Cell. 1981 Oct;26(1 Pt 1):1–2. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90026-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tyndall C., La Mantia G., Thacker C. M., Favaloro J., Kamen R. A region of the polyoma virus genome between the replication origin and late protein coding sequences is required in cis for both early gene expression and viral DNA replication. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6231–6250. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.23.6231. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wigler M., Silverstein S., Lee L. S., Pellicer A., Cheng Y. c., Axel R. Transfer of purified herpes virus thymidine kinase gene to cultured mouse cells. Cell. 1977 May;11(1):223–232. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90333-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. de Villiers J., Schaffner W. A small segment of polyoma virus DNA enhances the expression of a cloned beta-globin gene over a distance of 1400 base pairs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6251–6264. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.23.6251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The EMBO Journal are provided here courtesy of Nature Publishing Group

RESOURCES