FIG 2 .

Manipulation of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK2) and plasma membrane ATPase (PMA1). (A) Schematic representation of cellobiose consumption route in the upper glycolytic pathway. Glc, G6P, F6P, and ATP are highlighted and were found in higher abundance when cellobiose was provided than when glucose was provided. (B and C) Cellobiose consumption profile (B) and cell density profile (C) of the strains with ATP-insensitive Pfk1 (pfk1m), constitutively active Pma1 (pt), and the combination of the two mutations (pfk1m-pt) in comparison to the cellobiose pathway-only strain, here used as the wild type (WT). (D) Relative abundance of G6P, F1,6BP, and ATP levels of the WT, pfk1m, pt, and pfk1m-pt strains, relative to the WT strain fermenting cellobiose. The experiments were carried out in five biological replicates, with standard errors of the means shown.