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. 2012 Jul 11;28(3):222–232. doi: 10.1007/s12264-012-1236-4

Tetrahydropalmatine protects against methamphetamine-induced spatial learning and memory impairment in mice

Yan-Jiong Chen 2, Yan-Ling Liu 1,3, Qing Zhong 1, Yan-Fang Yu 4, Hong-Liang Su 1, Haroldo A Toque 4, Yong-Hui Dang 1, Feng Chen 4, Ming Xu 5, Teng Chen 1,✉
PMCID: PMC5560324  PMID: 22622821

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of methamphetamine (MA) on spatial learning and memory and the role of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) in MA-induced changes in these phenomena in mice.

Methods

Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into eight groups, according to different doses of MA, different doses of THP, treatment with both MA and THP, and saline controls. Spatial learning and memory were assessed using the Morris water maze. Western blot was used to detect the expression of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in the mouse prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus.

Results

Repeated MA treatment significantly increased the escape latency in the learning phase and decreased the number of platform site crossings in the memory-test phase. ERK1/2 expression was decreased in the PFC but not in the hippocampus of the MA-treated mice. Repeated THP treatment alone did not affect the escape latency, the number of platform site crossings or the total ERK1/2 expression in the brain. Statistically significantly shorter escape latencies and more platform site crossings occurred in MA+THP-treated mice than in MA-treated mice.

Conclusion

Repeated MA administration impairs spatial learning and memory in mice, and its co-administration with THP prevents this impairment, which is probably attributable to changed ERK1/2 expression in the PFC. This study contributes to uncovering the mechanism underlying MA abuse, and to exploring potential therapies.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12264-012-1236-4 and is accessible for authorized users.

Keywords: methamphetamine, tetrahydropalmatine, Morris water maze, ERK, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, drug addiction

Electronic supplementary material

12264_2012_1236_MOESM1_ESM.zip (395.8KB, zip)

Supplementary material, approximately 395 KB.

Footnotes

Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12264-012-1236-4 and is accessible for authorized users.

Contributor Information

Feng Chen, Email: fchen@georgiahealth.edu.

Teng Chen, Phone: +86-29-82657977, Phone: +1-706-3999031, FAX: +1-706-7211900, Email: chenteng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.

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Supplementary Materials

12264_2012_1236_MOESM1_ESM.zip (395.8KB, zip)

Supplementary material, approximately 395 KB.

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