Table 3. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis of prognostic variables for overall survival in 70 NSCLC patients.
| Parameters | Categories | Univariate analysis HR (95% CI) | P value | Multivariate analysis HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | < 65 vs ≥ 65 | 0.712 (0.409–1.241) | 0.231 | ||
| Gender | Male vs female | 0.978 (0.552–1.731) | 0.938 | ||
| Histological type | Ad vs Sq | 0.792 (0.427–1.469) | 0.460 | ||
| ECOG PS | 2 to 4 vs 0 to 1 | 1.907 (1.083–3.358) | 0.025a | 1.450 (0.794–2.648) | 0.245 |
| Smoking status | Smoker vs Nonsmoker | 0.835 (0.489–1.427) | 0.510 | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | > 5 vs ≤ 5 | 1.799 (1.013–3.194) | 0.045a | 0.875 (0.420–1.822) | 0.720 |
| Distant metastasis | Present vs Absent | 2.673 (1.392–4.444) | 0.002a | 2.092 (1.017–4.302) | 0.045a |
| ESM-1 level | High vs Low | 1.011 (1.004–1.017) | 0.002a | 1.007 (1.000–1.014) | 0.039a |
aSignificant difference.
HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; Ad = adenocarcinoma; Sq = squamous cell carcinoma; ECOG PS = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance status.