Table 1.

Most commonly used clinical maneuvers to evaluate the cerebellar motor syndrome

Clinical test	Signs looked for/evaluated
Oculomotor tests
Ocular stability	Nystagmus, saccadic intrusions
Ocular pursuit	Saccadic pursuit
Saccades	Dysmetric saccades
Head-impulse test (HIT)	Impaired vestibulo-ocular response (VOR)
Ocular alignment	Skew deviation, esotropia
Speech
To repeat a standard sentence or normal conversation	Dysarthric speech
Upper limb movements
Finger-to-nose test	Decomposition of movement, dysmetria, kinetic tremor, intention tremor
Finger chase	Dysmetria
Finger-to-finger test (index-index test)	Kinetic tremor, intention tremor
Fast alternating movements	Adiadochokinesia
Stewart-Holmes maneuver	Rebound phenomenon
Lower limb movements
Heel-to-shin test (knee-tibia test)	Decomposition of movement, kinetic tremor, dysmetria
Trunk movements
Quality of sitting	Increased sway of the trunk
Muscle tone
Passive stretch of joints	Hypotonia
Knee jerk	Pendular knee jerk
Stance and gait
Standing in natural position, feet together	Ataxia of stance, titubation, lateropulsion
Regular gait/walking capacities	Ataxic gait
Tandem gait (heels to toes)	Ataxic gait
Handwriting
Standard sentence	Irregular writing, megalographia, kinetic tremor
Archimedes’ spiral	Kinetic tremor, dysmetria

Action tremor (which refers to any tremor produced by voluntary contraction of the muscles) includes postural and kinetic tremor