Abstract
The myxomycete Physarum polycephalum contains two types of H4 histone genes. Southern blotting of restriction endonuclease fragments of P. polycephalum DNA and hybridization to a cloned probe labelled by nick-translation indicate that there are only one or two copies of each H4 gene per haploid genome. A cloned homologous genomic probe was used to study the cellular abundance of H4 mRNA during the cell cycle. We report that the H4 mRNA is not only transcribed in S phase as previously described for other organisms but that transcription of the H4 gene also occurs at the end of G2 phase. Since no translation of the histone messenger was observed in G2 phase this suggests that the histone mRNA synthesized in G2 constitutes a pool of molecules in anticipation of the next S phase.
Keywords: histone gene transcription, cell cycle, Physarum polycephalum
Full text
PDF



Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Alterman R. B., Ganguly S., Schulze D. H., Marzluff W. F., Schildkraut C. L., Skoultchi A. I. Cell cycle regulation of mouse H3 histone mRNA metabolism. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jan;4(1):123–132. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.1.123. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bannon G. A., Bowen J. K., Yao M. C., Gorovsky M. A. Tetrahymena H4 genes: structure, evolution and organization in macro- and micronuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Feb 24;12(4):1961–1975. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.4.1961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Borun T. W., Gabrielli F., Ajiro K., Zweidler A., Baglioni C. Further evidence of transcriptional and translational control of histone messenger RNA during the HeLa S3 cycle. Cell. 1975 Jan;4(1):59–67. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(75)90134-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Borun T. W., Scharff M. D., Robbins E. Rapidly labeled, polyribosome-associated RNA having the properties of histone messenger. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Nov;58(5):1977–1983. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.5.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DANIEL J. W., RUSCH H. P. The pure culture of Physarum polycephalum on a partially defined soluble medium. J Gen Microbiol. 1961 May;25:47–59. doi: 10.1099/00221287-25-1-47. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Glisin V., Crkvenjakov R., Byus C. Ribonucleic acid isolated by cesium chloride centrifugation. Biochemistry. 1974 Jun 4;13(12):2633–2637. doi: 10.1021/bi00709a025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hereford L. M., Osley M. A., Ludwig T. R., 2nd, McLaughlin C. S. Cell-cycle regulation of yeast histone mRNA. Cell. 1981 May;24(2):367–375. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90326-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hereford L., Bromley S., Osley M. A. Periodic transcription of yeast histone genes. Cell. 1982 Aug;30(1):305–310. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90036-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hereford L., Fahrner K., Woolford J., Jr, Rosbash M., Kaback D. B. Isolation of yeast histone genes H2A and H2B. Cell. 1979 Dec;18(4):1261–1271. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90237-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kedes L. H. Histone genes and histone messengers. Annu Rev Biochem. 1979;48:837–870. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.48.070179.004201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kubbies M., Pierron G. Mitotic cell cycle control in Physarum. Unprecedented insights via flow-cytometry. Exp Cell Res. 1983 Nov;149(1):57–67. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(83)90380-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maniatis T., Jeffrey A., Kleid D. G. Nucleotide sequence of the rightward operator of phage lambda. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar;72(3):1184–1188. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.3.1184. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Plumb M., Marashi F., Green L., Zimmerman A., Zimmerman S., Stein J., Stein G. Cell cycle regulation of human histone H1 mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(2):434–438. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.2.434. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Plumb M., Stein J., Stein G. Coordinate regulation of multiple histone mRNAs during the cell cycle in HeLa cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Apr 25;11(8):2391–2410. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.8.2391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schofield P. N., Walker I. O. Control of histone gene expression in Physarum polycephalum. I. Protein synthesis during the cell cycle. J Cell Sci. 1982 Oct;57:139–150. doi: 10.1242/jcs.57.1.139. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sittman D. B., Graves R. A., Marzluff W. F. Histone mRNA concentrations are regulated at the level of transcription and mRNA degradation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Apr;80(7):1849–1853. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.7.1849. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith M. M., Andrésson O. S. DNA sequences of yeast H3 and H4 histone genes from two non-allelic gene sets encode identical H3 and H4 proteins. J Mol Biol. 1983 Sep 25;169(3):663–690. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80164-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wilhelm M. L., Wilhelm F. X. A transposon-like DNA fragment interrupts a Physarum polycephalum histone H4 gene. FEBS Lett. 1984 Mar 26;168(2):249–254. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)80256-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woudt L. P., Pastink A., Kempers-Veenstra A. E., Jansen A. E., Mager W. H., Planta R. J. The genes coding for histone H3 and H4 in Neurospora crassa are unique and contain intervening sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 25;11(16):5347–5360. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.16.5347. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]