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. 2017 Apr 24;36(34):4913–4928. doi: 10.1038/onc.2017.104

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Proposed schematic model for ARF-mediated regulation of cell growth and inhibition of apoptosis. During cellular adhesion and spreading, ARF expression stabilizes activated FAK in the cytoplasm, probably mediating its sumoylation. FAK stabilization sustains cell growth. In parallel, ARF expression blocks DAPK-induced apoptosis, through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanism protecting cells from anoikis. In addition, ARF hampers DAPK downregulation of FAK activity. In cell-expressing p53, FAK stabilization can further results in FAK-mediated p53 degradation and thus inhibition of p53-dependent apoptosis.