Figure 8. Modulation of permeability barrier at the PSC is a key target of both Toll and Imd pathway in order to mount a robust immune response.

Number of P1 (Green) positive plasmatocytes (b–b’) in spz²ca¹ immune mutants is lower in uninfected or infected conditions as compared to respective wild type controls (a–a’’). P1 (Green) positive differentiated plasmatocyte (c–c’) numbers are increased in double mutants of spz²ca¹ with cora mutant allele in both uninfected and infected conditions as compared to respective wild type controls. (d) Quantitation of plasmatocyte differentiation index in the immune deficient mutants and immune deficient mutants combined with mutations in SJ components in uninfected and infected conditions. (e) Total number of circulating plasmatocytes in spz²ca¹ or Rel^E20 immune mutants is lesser in uninfected or infected conditions as compared to respective wild type controls. Total number of circulating plasmatocytes is highly increased in double mutants of spz²ca¹ with cora or nrxIV mutant allele or Rel^E20 with cora or nrxIV mutant allele in both uninfected and infected conditions as compared to respective wild type controls. Nuclei are labeled with DAPI (Blue). *** indicates p<0.001, * indicates p<0.1 and ns indicates non-significant. Error bars represent s.e.m. Scale Bar: (a–a’’) 50 μm (b–c’) 60 μm.

Figure 8—figure supplement 1. Cellular immune response is upregulated upon partial loss of septate junctions in the immune-deficient mutants.

(a–e) P1 (Green) labeled plasmatocytes in immune deficient spz²ca¹ or Rel^E20 mutants (a–a’ and c–c’) in control larva and larva infected with bacteria. (b–b’ and d–e’) Plasmatocyte numbers are increased by introducing a mutant allele of cora or NrxIV to an immune deficient spz²ca¹ or Rel^E20 mutant background in both uninfected and infected conditions as compared to controls. (f–l) Hnt (Green) labeled crystal cells in wild type controls (f) and in spz²ca¹ or Rel^E20 immune deficient mutants in control larva and larva infected with bacteria. (i–l) Number of Hnt (Green) labeled crystal cells is increased by introducing a mutant allele of cora or NrxIV to an immune deficient spz²ca¹ or Rel^E20 mutant background in both uninfected and infected conditions as compared to controls. (m) Quantitation of crystal cell differentiation indices in the immune deficient mutants and the double mutants with SJ mutant alleles in uninfected and infected conditions. Nuclei are labeled with DAPI (Blue). *** indicates p<0.001, * indicates p<0.1 and ns indicates non-significant. Error bars represent s.e.m. Scale Bar: (a–l’) 50 μm.