Figure 3. Non-canonical activation of the Hh pathway, through DYRK1B kinase, Hh signaling pathway inhibitors in medical oncology.

(A) The non-canonical activation of GLI-1/2 through Rack1 kinase has recently been described, bypassing pathway activation deficiencies through the binding of the SHH ligand to the PTCH receptor. (B) Through the canonic activation mechanism of the Hh pathway, diverse strategies have been designed to achieve the selective inhibition of the SMO protein. The patented molecules have been employed to generate a downstream inhibition of the Hh pathway, through the use of these compounds new pre-clinical and clinical trials have been developed, contributing to the survival increase of patients diagnosed with diverse epithelial type neoplasms.