Table 1. Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics according to Twist1 expression status in stromal fibroblasts of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
| Variable | Number | Twist1 (+) n(%) | χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| < 65 y | 38 | 34 (89.5) | 0.012 | 0.913 |
| ≥ 65 y | 131 | 118 (94.1) | ||
| Sex | ||||
| male | 163 | 146 (89.6) | 0.696 | 0.404 |
| female | 6 | 6 (100.0) | ||
| Size | ||||
| < 5 cm | 108 | 94 (87.0) | 2.789 | 0.095 |
| ≥ 5 cm | 61 | 58 (95.1) | ||
| Differentiation | ||||
| well | 27 | 26 (96.3) | 0.194 | 0.907 |
| moderate | 111 | 99 (89.2) | ||
| poorly | 31 | 27 (87.1) | ||
| T stage | ||||
| Early T stage (T1) | 36 | 28 (77.8) | 7.380 | 0.007 |
| Advanced T stage (T2–4) | 133 | 124 (93.2) | ||
| Lymph node metastasis | ||||
| negative | 68 | 57 (83.8) | 4.706 | 0.030 |
| positive | 101 | 95 (94.1) | ||
| Distant metastasis | ||||
| negative | 147 | 131 (89.1) | 0.757 | 0.384 |
| positive | 22 | 21 (95.4) | ||
| Clinical stage | ||||
| Early (stage1) | 26 | 20(76.9) | 5.526 | 0.019 |
| Advanced (stage 2–4) | 143 | 132(92.3) | ||
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| negative | 57 | 48(84.2) | 2.156 | 0.142 |
| positive | 112 | 104 (92.9) | ||
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| negative | 99 | 88 (91.7) | 0.532 | 0.466 |
| positive | 70 | 64 (87.7) | ||
| Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) | ||||
| Complete | 37 | 36 (97.3) | 2.923 | 0.232 |
| Incomplete | 45 | 39 (86.7) | ||
| No EMT | 87 | 78 (89.7) |