Table 2.
Univariate comparisons of demographics, early physiologic parameters and sepsis severity, interventions, source of sepsis, and comorbidities by the composite adverse outcome. SD = standard deviation. IQR = interquartile range. Percentages are out of the entire study cohort of 35 patients.
| Variable | Death, Discharge to Hospice or Nursing Home (N= 18) | Discharge to Home or Rehab (N=17) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, mean (SD) | 68 (12) | 60 (SD 15) | 0.09 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 11 | 9 | 0.63 |
| Black race, n (%) | 9 (26) | 12 (34) | 0.31 |
| Statin use | 7 (20) | 8 (23) | 0.74 |
| Early Physiologic parameters and Sepsis Severity | |||
| Triage SBP < 90, mm Hg, n (%) | 4 (11) | 4 (11) | >0.99 |
| Initial lactate, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 4.3 (2.2) | 4.0 (2.4) | 0.73 |
| Repeat lactate (within 6 hrs), mmol/L, mean (SD) | 4.1 (2.3) | 3.2 (1.8) | 0.29 |
| Change in Lactate, mean (SD), n = 27 | −.29 (1.4) | −1.6 (3.2) | 0.16 |
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 7 (5–9) | 5 (4–7) | 0.15 |
| Blood culture positive, n (%) | 8 (23) | 9 (26) | >0.99 |
| Acute respiratory failure, n (%) | 6 (17) | 1 (3) | 0.052 |
| Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 14 (40) | 6 (17) | 0.056 |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 8 (23) | 6 (17) | 0.73 |
| Interventions | |||
| IVF at 6 hours, mL, mean (SD) | 3076 (1803) | 3625 (2256) | 0.44 |
| IVF at 24 hours, mL, mean (SD) | 5049 (2863) | 5616 (3221) | 0.59 |
| Vasopressor use, n (%) | 8 (23) | 6 (17) | 0.73 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 9 (26) | 2 (6) | 0.026 |
| Time to antibiotics, minutes (SD) | 124 (74) | 178 (172) | 0.23 |
| Vasopressors at enrollment, n (%) | 5 (14%) | 5 (14%) | 0.92 |
| Source of sepsis, n (%) | |||
| Pulmonary | 7 (20) | 5 (14) | 0.73 |
| Urinary | 7 (20) | 4 (11) | 0.47 |
| Intra-abdominal | 3 (9) | 2 (6) | >0.99 |
| Indwelling venous catheter | 5 (14) | 9 (26) | 0.18 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Any comorbidity | 13 (37) | 11 (31) | 0.73 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 6 (17) | 6 (17) | >0.99 |
| End Stage Renal Disease | 1 (3) | 4 (11) | 0.18 |
| COPD | 0 | 3 (9) | 0.10 |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 0 | 3 (9) | 0.10 |
| Active Cancer | 4 (11) | 0 | 0.10 |
*
Student’s T test was used for numerical, normally distributed data, Wilcoxon rank-sum for numeric non-normally distributed data, and Fisher’s exact test for categorical data.