Figure 5. Berberine and cinnamaldehyde together regulated lung signaling protein expression during carcinogenesis.

Berberine and cinnamaldehyde together regulated AMPK, mTOR, NF-κB, and AQP-1 expression as indicated by western blotting (A), and promoted lung epithelial cell proliferation as indicated PCNA, EMT, and N-cadherin upregulation and E-cadherin downregulation as shown by IHC (B and C). Assays were performed in triplicate. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs UC.