PGC-1α and TFAM protein abundance in placentae from controls. Protein extracts were subjected to Western blot analysis and DNA extracts were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. A: Representative blots from male and female offspring. B: Quantitation of PGC-1α, TFAM, P-(T172)-AMPKα, and total AMPKα1 (T-AMPKα1, mean ± SD) from Western blots, using β-actin as reference. C: Fold change of mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene DNA copy number normalized to nuclear β2 microglobin (B2M). For males, n=10. For females, n = 13. * P<0.05; ** P<0.01.