Gene expression analysis of ER target genes and proliferation markers in the uterus following 34 days of vehicle and endoxifen treatment. Reverse transcription PCR analysis of PGR, IGF1, IGF1R, PCNA, SFRP4, and RALDH2 in the ovary-intact and ovariectomized (OVX) rat uterus. The group means ± standard error are depicted. P values for the main comparisons (surgery and treatment) are indicated when the interaction was not significant. For parameters with a significant interaction, pairwise comparisons were made between individual groups and statistically significant differences are indicated by solid lines.