Table 1. The baseline characteristics of ten enrolled studies.
| First author | Year | Country | Interventions | Total | Sample size | Gender (M/F) | Age (years) | Follow-up time(weeks/months) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | |||||
| Lee YS [19] | 2007 | China | B | C | 62 | 30 | 32 | 13/17 | 13/19 | 56.7 (52–59) | 60.4 (50–81) | 6 m |
| Lee YS [20] | 2008 | China | B | C | 88 | 32 | 56 | 20/12 | 37/19 | 38.2 | 40.1 | 6 m |
| Judd DB [10] | 2009 | USA | A | B | 57 | 28 | 29 | 25/3 | 27/2 | 25 (17–41) | 28 (19–40) | 3 w, 6 w, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m |
| Smekal V [1] | 2009 | Austria | A | C | 60 | 30 | 30 | 26/4 | 26/4 | 39.8 ± 14.5 | 35.5 ± 11.8 | 6 m, 24 m |
| Ferran NA [21] | 2010 | UK | B | C | 32 | 15 | 17 | 13/2 | 14/3 | 35.4 (16–53) | 23.8 (13–42) | 12 m |
| Assobhi JE [22] | 2011 | Egypt | B | C | 38 | 19 | 19 | 17/2 | 16/3 | 32.6 ± 5.9 | 30.3 ± 4.8 | 6 w, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m |
| Smekal V [23] | 2011 | Austria | A | C | 112 | 52 | 60 | 44/8 | 54/6 | 38.0 ± 14.8 | 36.8 ± 12.6 | 24 m |
| Virtanen KJ [24] | 2012 | Finland | A | B | 60 | 32 | 28 | 28/4 | 24/4 | 33.0 ± 12.0 | 41.0 ± 10.8 | 3 m, 12 m |
| Narsaria N [25] | 2014 | India | B | C | 65 | 32 | 33 | 26/6 | 24/9 | 40.2 ± 11.2 | 38.9 ± 9.1 | 24 m |
| Saha P [26] | 2014 | India | B | C | 71 | 37 | 34 | 30/7 | 30/4 | 33.32 ± 11.84 | 33.03 ± 12.64 | 6 w, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m,18 m, 24 m |
| Melean PA [27] | 2015 | Chile | A | B | 76 | 42 | 34 | NR | NR | 37.2 ± 11.2 | 38.1 ± 13.0 | 3 m,6 m,12 m |
T, treatment; M, male; F, female; NR, not report; A, non-operative treatment; B, plate fixation; C, intramedullary pin fixation; m, months; w, weeks.