Table 2. Patient characteristics after propensity score matching (1:4 matching) and weighting.
| Spinal anesthesia (n = 534) | General anesthesia (n = 156) | Standardized differences | Adjusted P | P with IPTW | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 62 ± 12 | 61 ± 13 | 0.087 | 0.173 | 0.322 |
| Gender | 0.544 | 0.881 | |||
| Male | 436 (82%) | 124 (79%) | 0.055 | ||
| Female | 98 (18%) | 32 (21%) | −0.055 | ||
| ASA physical status | 0.914 | 0.970 | |||
| I | 165 (31%) | 49 (31%) | −0.011 | ||
| II | 348 (65%) | 102 (65%) | −0.005 | ||
| III | 21 (4%) | 5 (3%) | 0.039 | ||
| Tumor size | 0.455 | 0.981 | |||
| <1 cm | 147 (28%) | 51 (33%) | −0.013 | ||
| 1-3 cm | 287 (54%) | 78 (50%) | 0.075 | ||
| >3 cm | 100 (19%) | 27 (17%) | 0.037 | ||
| Tumor number | 0.787 | 0.928 | |||
| Single | 229 (43%) | 65 (42%) | 0.025 | ||
| Multiple | 305 (57%) | 91 (58%) | −0.025 | ||
| Tumor grade | 0.892 | 0.883 | |||
| 1 | 91 (17%) | 29 (19%) | −0.040 | ||
| 2 | 265 (50%) | 77 (49%) | 0.005 | ||
| 3 | 178 (33%) | 50 (32%) | 0.027 | ||
| Tumor stage | 0.467 | 0.897 | |||
| Ta | 322 (60%) | 89 (57%) | 0.066 | ||
| T1 | 212 (40%) | 67 (43%) | −0.066 | ||
| Carcinoma in situ, n (%) | 39 (7%) | 10 (6%) | 0.035 | 0.702 | 0.842 |
| BCG therapy, n (%) | 200 (37%) | 56 (36%) | 0.032 | 0.723 | 0.717 |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 105 (20%) | 27 (17%) | 0.061 | 0.511 | 0.932 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (percentage). ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; BCG = bacillus Calmette-Guerin; IPTW = inverse probability of treatment weighting.