TABLE 1 .
Demographic features of PCV-unvaccinated and PCV7-vaccinated, HIV-uninfected children at two study visits when nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization was analyzeda
| Demographic featureb | Valueb for 9-mo-old children |
P value | Value for 16-mo-old children |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCV-unvaccinated | PCV7-vaccinated | PCV-unvaccinated | PCV7-vaccinated | |||
| No. of children enrolled | 250 | 251 | 250 | 251 | ||
| No. of NP swabs available for molecular analysis |
181 | 175 | 193 | 164 | ||
| HIV status | ||||||
| Exposed, n (%) | 111 (61.3) | 104 (59.4) | 0.40 | 99 (51.3) | 97 (59.1) | 0.24 |
| Unexposed, n (%) | 70 (38.7) | 71 (40.6) | 94 (48.7) | 67 (40.9) | ||
| Birth wt (g), mean (SD) | 3,061 (440) | 3,097 (482) | 0.45 | 3,079 (427) | 3,126 (476) | 0.43 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 87 (48.1) | 96 (54.9) | 0.12 | 99 (51.3) | 89 (54.3) | 0.25 |
| Race | ||||||
| Black African, n (%) | 181 (100) | 150 (85.7) | <0.001 | 193 (100) | 132 (80.5) | <0.001 |
| Mixed ancestry, n (%) | 25 (14.3) | 32 (19.5) | ||||
| Smoking household contact, n (%) |
66 (36.5) | 81 (42.3) | 0.003 | 65 (33.7) | 64 (39) | 0.004 |
| Received co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, n (%) |
95 (52.5) | 81 (46.3) | 0.2 | 71 (36.8) | 68 (41.5) | 0.15 |
| No. of children <5 years old in the household, mean (SD) |
1.6 (0.8) | 1.6 (0.7) | 0.6 | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.5 (0.8) | 0.21 |
| No. of household contacts, mean (SD) |
5.3 (2.2) | 5.2 (2.3) | 0.81 | 5.2 (2.1) | 5.1 (2.4) | 0.17 |
| Day care attendance, n (%) | 40 (22.1) | 91 (52) | <0.001 | 72 (37.3) | 81 (53.6) | 0.002 |
| Breastfeeding, n (%) | 41 (22.7) | 44 (25.1) | 0.33 | 37 (19.2) | 38 (23.3) | 0.43 |
| Age (mo) at visit, mean (SD) | 9 (0.7) | 9.4 (0.5) | <0.001 | 15.4 (0.4) | 16 (1.4) | <0.001 |
a
The Pearson χ2 test or Student t test was used to compare baseline characteristics between the two study cohorts, and demographic features with a P value of <0.2 were included as possible cofounders in multivariate analysis. PCV7, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
b
Values are the number of children (n) and percentage unless specified otherwise. NP, nasopharyngeal; SD, standard deviation.