Table 1. Major findings of the meta-analysis of six RCTs after 24 and 52 weeks with findings of the 104-week trials (total three trials of 104 week = two from the previous 6 RCTs + 1 new).
Dose Regimens: EMPA (25 mg/day), CANA (300 mg/day), and DAPA (up-titrated 2.5 to 10 mg/day).
CANA: canagliflozin; CI: confidence interval; DAPA: dapagliflozin; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; EMPA: empagliflozin; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin-A1c; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; RCT: randomized controlled trial; SBP: systolic blood pressure [8].
| Parameter/duration | No. of RCTs | No. of participants | Mean difference [95% CI] | Significance level | Heterogeneity |
| HbA1c (%) | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 6 | 4489 | -0.00 [-0.02, 0.11] | P = .22 | 90% |
| After 52 weeks | 6 | 4507 | -0.11 [-0.18, -0.04] | P < .00001 | 54% |
| After 104 weeks | 3 | 2707 | -0.16 [-0.21, -0.08] | P < .00001 | 22% |
| FPG | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 2 | 1142 | -0.65 [-1.34, 0.04] | P = .06 | 80% |
| After 52 weeks | 5 | 4188 | -0.65 [-0.94, -0.35] | P < .0001 | 84% |
| After 104 weeks | 3 | 2707 | -0.72 [-0.86, -0.58] | P < .00001 | 0% |
| Body Weight | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 5 | 3274 | -3.98 [-4.68, -3.28] | P < .00001 | 82% |
| After 52 weeks | 6 | 4147 | -3.87 [-4.94, -2.80] | P < .00001 | 95% |
| After 104 weeks | 3 | 2707 | -3.53 [-4.86, -2.21] | P < .00001 | 92% |
| SBP | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 1 | 1545 | -5.60 [-6.91, -4.29] | P < .0001 | - |
| After 52 weeks | 5 | 4276 | -4.88 [-5.66, -4.10] | P < .00001 | 23% |
| After 104 weeks | 3 | 2707 | -5.33 [-6.29, -4.36] | P < .00001 | 0% |
| DBP | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 1 | 1545 | -2.40 [-3.50, -1.30] | P < .00001 | 0% |
| After 52 weeks | 4 | 4008 | -2.38 [-2.93, -1.84] | P < .00001 | 62% |
| After 104 weeks | 3 | 2707 | -2.55 [-3.19, -1.91] | P < .00001 | 0% |
| eGFR | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 2 | 1064 | 2.32 [-0.14, 4.78] | P = .06 | 34% |
| After 52 weeks | 4 | 2139 | 3.43 [1.65, 5.21] | P = .00002 | 77% |
| After 104 weeks | 2 | 1051 | 0.26 [-6.12, 6.63] | P = .94 | 80% |
| LDL % change | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 1 | 970 | 9.00 [3.47, 14.53] | P = .001 | - |
| After 52 weeks | 3 | 2449 | 2.47 [0.25,4.68] | P = .03 | 99% |
| After 104 weeks | 1 | 967 | 8.00 [2.07, 13.93] | P = .008 | - |
| HDL % change | |||||
| After 24 weeks | 1 | 967 | 7.50 [4.87, 10.13] | P < .00001 | - |
| After 52 weeks | 3 | 2449 | 6.89 [5.82, 7.96] | P < .00001 | 97% |
| After 104 weeks | 1 | 1067 | 9.30 [6.65, 11.95] | P < .00001 | - |