Figure 7. Effect of casticin (CAS) on IL-1β–induced activation of NF-κB signaling in A549 cells.

A549 cells were pretreated with CAS for 1 h and then incubated with IL-1β (1 ng/ml) for 30 min. Phospho-specific proteins were detected using western blot, and total IκB-α (A, B) levels were used as internal controls. For the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, cells were pretreated with CAS for 1 h and then incubated with IL-1β (1 ng/ml) for 1 h (B, C). The internal controls were Lamin B1 in the nucleus and β-actin in the cytosol. A promoter assay was used to evaluate NF-κB promoter activity (D). The presented data are mean ± SEM; ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, compared with the IL-1β–treated group.