Table 1. Comparison of characteristics and biomarkers at admission between the fatality and non-fatality groups.
| Variables | Total(n=155) | Fatality(n=24) | Non-fatality(n=131) | X2/t/z | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60±12 | 66±10 | 59±11 | 8.430 | 0.004 |
| Male, n (%) | 114 (73.5) | 15 (62) | 99 (75) | 1.781 | 0.589 |
| BMI | 25.0±3.6 | 24.5±2.7 | 25.1±3.7 | 0.490 | 0.487 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 76 (49.0) | 12 (50.0) | 64 (48.5) | 0.011 | 0.918 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 43 (27.7) | 8 (33.3) | 35 (26.7) | 0.443 | 0.506 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 89 (57.4) | 15 (62.5) | 74 (56.5) | 0.300 | 0.584 |
| MMP-9 (ng/ml) | 407.7±235.4 | 528.9±191.6 | 385.4±236.0 | 2.806 | 0.005 |
| MPV (fL) | 10.4±1.2 | 10.5±1.4 | 10.4±1.2 | 0.571 | 0.571 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 10.2±5.1 | 10.9±3.9 | 9.2±4.0 | 1.738 | 0.080 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 74.4(61.1∼90.7) | 73.6(61.0∼86.8) | 98.2(67.3∼125.1) | 2.521 | 0.011 |
| BNP (pmol/L) | 507 (148∼1219) | 5185 (682∼7963) | 412 (30∼8663) | 3.944 | <0.001 |
| Troponin I (mmol/L) | 8.3 (1.8∼29.8) | 14.4 (2.6∼25.3) | 7.6 (0.8∼29.8) | 0.623 | 0.533 |
| CK AUC (IU/L) | 57896(29710∼ 95342) | 56537(33165∼92550) | 69164(24502∼ 124218) | 0.606 | 0.544 |
| Peak CK (IU/L) | 2484(1058∼4004) | 2410(1139∼3929) | 2910(455∼4203) | 0.230 | 0.818 |
| CKMB AUC (U/L) | 4879(2561∼ 8519) | 4833(2584∼7843) | 7727(1615∼15637) | 1.040 | 0.298 |
| Peak CKMB (U/L) | 216 (110∼385) | 212(119∼342) | 326(58∼689) | 0.892 | 0.372 |
| EF (%) | 57±8 | 54±8 | 57±7 | 2.053 | 0.042 |
| EF <50%, n (%) | 23 (14.8) | 6 (25.0) | 17 (13.1) | 2.267 | 0.132 |
| WMIS | 1.19±0.11 | 1.27±0.09 | 1.17±1.10 | 4.128 | <0.001 |
| GRACE score | 120±26 | 146±26 | 115±22 | 6.249 | <0.001 |
| GENSINI score | 61±34 | 83±43 | 58±32 | 2.510 | 0.013 |
| arrhythmia (External temporary pacemaker) | 25 (16.1) | 10 (40.0) | 15 (12.1) | 9.991 | 0.002 |
| Cardiac shock (IABP) | 15 (10.0) | 6 (25.0) | 9 (8.0) | 5.293 | 0.021 |
| No-reflow | 37 (23.8) | 17 (70.8) | 20 (15.8) | 34.462 | <0.001 |
| Medication, n (%) | |||||
| Aspirin | 154 (99.3) | 24 (100) | 130 (99.2) | 0.183 | 0.669 |
| β-blocker | 101 (65.2) | 16 (66.7) | 89 (67.9) | 0.015 | 0.902 |
| ACEI or ARB | 104 (67.1) | 16 (66.7) | 88 (67.2) | 0.002 | 0.961 |
| Statin | 152 (98.0) | 24 (100) | 128 (97.7) | 0.556 | 0.456 |
BMI, body mass index; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9; MPV, mean platelet volume; BNP, pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; EF, ejection function; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; WMIS, left ventricle wall motion score index.