Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2018 Jan 1;8(3):846–859. doi: 10.7150/thno.21793

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Ivyspring International Publisher

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.

PMC Copyright notice

Representative scheme of Gilz nuclear translocation upon MSC activation. In the nucleus, Gilz binds to the binding sites in the promoter of the gene encoding inos and Activin and upregulates their expression levels. Activated MSC secrete high amounts of Activin A that binds to its receptors ActRIIA and ActRIB at the surface of T cells. Both Activin A and NO produced by primed MSC enhance Smad3/Smad2 phosphorylation in Th17 cells promoting IL-10 expression and secretion to the detriment of IL-17.